The American journal of clinical nutrition
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effect of vitamin D supplementation on antibiotic use: a randomized controlled trial.
Observational data suggested that supplementation with vitamin D could reduce risk of infection, but trial data are inconsistent. ⋯ Although this study was a post hoc analysis and statistically nonsignificant, this trial lends some support to the hypothesis that supplementation with 60,000 IU vitamin D/mo is associated with lower risk of infection, particularly in older adults. The trial was registered at the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (anzctr.org.au) as ACTRN12609001063202.
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The role of the Mediterranean diet among individuals with previous cardiovascular disease (CVD) is uncertain. ⋯ Adherence to a Mediterranean-style dietary pattern was associated with lower all-cause mortality in individuals with CVD.
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Review Meta Analysis
A systematic review and meta-analysis of dietary patterns and depression in community-dwelling adults.
Studies of single nutrients on depression have produced inconsistent results, and they have failed to consider the complex interactions between nutrients. An increasing number of studies in recent years are investigating the association of overall dietary patterns and depression. ⋯ The results suggest that high intakes of fruit, vegetables, fish, and whole grains may be associated with a reduced depression risk. However, more high-quality randomized controlled trials and cohort studies are needed to confirm this finding, specifically the temporal sequence of this association.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Energy requirements in nonobese men and women: results from CALERIE.
The energy intake necessary to maintain weight and body composition is called the energy requirement for weight maintenance and can be determined by using the doubly labeled water (DLW) method. ⋯ These new equations derived over 1 mo during weight stability can be used to estimate the free-living caloric requirements of nonobese adults. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00427193.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effects of vitamin D supplementation on glucose metabolism, lipid concentrations, inflammation, and oxidative stress in gestational diabetes: a double-blind randomized controlled clinical trial.
To our knowledge, there is no study that has examined the effects of vitamin D supplementation on metabolic status in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). ⋯ Vitamin D supplementation in pregnant women with GDM had beneficial effects on glycemia and total and LDL-cholesterol concentrations but did not affect inflammation and oxidative stress. This trial was registered at www.irct.ir as IRCT201305115623N7.