Arzneimittel Forsch
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Arzneimittel Forsch · Jan 2002
Meta AnalysisLocal treatment of hemorrhoidal disease and perianal eczema. Meta-analysis of the efficacy and safety of an Escherichia coli culture suspension alone or in combination with hydrocortisone.
The objective of this paper was to assess the available clinical data on the efficacy and safety of ointments containing either a bacterial culture suspension (BCS) from Escherichia coli or a combination of BCS with hydrocortisone (CAS 50-23-7) (BCS: Posterisan, and BCS + HC: Posterisan forte). The BCS is assumed to act by immunomodulation in hemorrhoidal disease and perianal eczema. Six randomized, double-blind trials are reported: three of them using BCS ointment and one using BCS + HC, against ointment base, and two trials using BCS + HC against hydrocortisone ointment alone. ⋯ Symptom scores decreased consistently more after administration of BCS than after the ointment base (p = 0.095, p = 0.006, and p = 0.029), and likewise, the combination of BCS + HC was significantly superior to the ointment base (p < 0.001) and to hydrocortisone alone (p = 0.036 and p = 0.019). Adverse events were less frequent for BCS and BCS + HC than for the ointment base. It can therefore be concluded that ointments containing either only E. coli BCS or a combination of BCS and hydrocortisone provide significant relief in perianal eczema as well as in early stages of hemorrhoidal disease.
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Arzneimittel Forsch · Jan 2002
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical TrialEfficacy and tolerability of ambroxol hydrochloride lozenges in sore throat. Randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials regarding the local anaesthetic properties.
Two confirmatory clinical trials were performed to investigate the efficacy and tolerability of ambroxol lozenges at doses of 20 mg and 30 mg relative to placebo in relieving the symptoms of sore throat of at least moderately severe intensity in patients suffering from oro-pharyngeal catarrh accompanied by pain on swallowing, feeling of scratchiness, burning and urge to cough. ⋯ Sucking lozenges containing 20 mg or 30 mg ambroxol hydrochloride has a beneficial pain-relieving effect in patients with acute sore throat, superior to that achieved by sucking a placebo lozenge. While both strengths were equally well tolerated, the higher strength of 30 mg ambroxol hydrochloride did not prove more effective. The findings confirm that the previously discovered local anaesthetic properties of ambroxol hydrochloride do have beneficial clinical implications.
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Arzneimittel Forsch · Jan 2002
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialLocal anaesthetic properties of ambroxol hydrochloride lozenges in view of sore throat. Clinical proof of concept.
Acute oro-pharyngeal catarrh is characterised by mild to severe sore throat, such as pain on swallowing, feeling of scratchiness, burning and urge to cough. The present study was conducted to explore whether the test compound is going to show clinical relevance and is a suitable medication for the relief of these symptoms. ⋯ Sucking lozenges containing 20 mg ambroxol hydrochloride has a beneficial pain relieving effect in patients with acute sore throat, superior to that which otherwise can be achieved by sucking a placebo lozenge. This finding confirms that the preclinical local anaesthetic properties of ambroxol hydrochloride may have beneficial clinical implications.
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Arzneimittel Forsch · Jan 2002
ReviewMode of action of gabapentin in chronic neuropathic pain syndromes. A short review about its cellular mechanisms in nociceptive neurotransmission.
Gabapentin (GBP, CAS 60142-96-3) has anticonvulsant and antinociceptive properties; the latter relate especially to chronic neuropathic pain. The mode of action of GBP, possibly different in epilepsy and chronic pain syndromes, is only poorly understood. This minireview is aimed at compiling the different mechanisms by which GBP may diminish the nociceptive transmission in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord.
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Arzneimittel Forsch · Sep 2001
Review Comparative StudyAbsorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of glucosamine sulfate. A review.
This article reviews the literature related to the absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion (ADME) of glucosamine (Gl) in man and in animals after administration of crystalline glucosamine sulfate (CGS). Intravenous administration of CGS In man, after single bolus intravenous (i.v.) injection of 1005 mg CGS (628 mg Gl), the parent Gl disappears from plasma with an apparent half life of 1.11 h. Investigations with uniformly 14C labeled Gl (14C-Gl) administered with 502 mg CGS indicate that the disappearance of Gl is due to an incorporation into the plasma globulins that occurs with a lag time of 0.45 h and a rate of 0.26 h-1. ⋯ Interaction of Gl with the ADME of glucose The ADME of glucose was investigated in the rat administering i.v. or orally 14C uniformly labeled glucose. The kinetic in plasma and the tissue distribution of glucose differed totally from those of Gl, pointing out that exogenous glucose provides the energy for biochemical processes, whereas exogenous Gl acts mainly as substrate for the biosynthesis of mucopolysaccharides and of biopolymers of the articulations and bones. There was no evidence of interaction by Gl orally administered with the ADME of glucose.