Clin Pharmacokinet
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Review Comparative Study
Geographical/interracial differences in polymorphic drug oxidation. Current state of knowledge of cytochromes P450 (CYP) 2D6 and 2C19.
The isoenzymes which catalyse the polymorphic hydroxylations of debrisoquine/sparteine and S-mephenytoin are cytochromes P450 2D6 and P450 2C19 (CYP2D6 and CYP2C19), respectively. CYP2D6 is involved in the stereospecific metabolism of several important groups of drugs, for example antiarrhythmics, antidepressants and neuroleptics. About 7% of Caucasians but only 1% of Orientals are poor metabolisers (PMs) of debrisoquine. ⋯ As pronounced differences have been found between Caucasians and Orientals in the CYP2D6 and CYP2C19 enzymes, it might be expected that Black people will show even greater differences in this respect. Some studies have been performed with Black participants, but the picture is not clear. The mean CYP2D6 activity in Black EMs seems to be lower than that in Caucasian EMs and similar to that of Oriental EMs.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)