Drug Des Dev Ther
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Intrathecal dexmedetomidine (DEX) has been used to prevent shivering in patients undergoing cesarean section. The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate whether intrathecal DEX could prevent shivering in cesarean section after spinal anesthesia. ⋯ This meta-analysis found that intrathecal DEX could prevent shivering in cesarean section after spinal anesthesia and did not induce PONV, hypotension, or bradycardia. However, firm conclusions cannot be made until more studies are conducted.
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Premedication is the most common way to minimize distress in children entering the operating room and to facilitate the smooth induction of anesthesia and is accomplished using various sedative drugs before the children are being transferred to the operating room. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of oral dexmedetomidine (DEX) and oral midazolam (MID) on preoperative cooperation and emergence delirium (ED) among children who underwent dental procedures at our hospital between 2016 and 2017. ⋯ Oral DEX provided satisfactory sedation levels, ease of parental separation, and mask acceptance in children in a manner similar to MID. Moreover, children premedicated with DEX experienced lesser ED than those premedicated with MID.
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Dingchuan tang (asthma-relieving decoction), a formula of nine herbs, has been used for treating respiratory inflammatory diseases for >400 years in the People's Republic of China. However, the mechanisms underlying the anti-inflammatory action of dingchuan tang is not fully understood. This study aims to investigate the effects of Dingchuan tang essential oil (DCEO) on inflammatory mediators and the underlying mechanism of action. ⋯ Suppression of the interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase (IRAK)/NF-κB, IRAK/AP-1 and TBK1/IRF3 pathways was associated with the inhibitory effects of DCEO on inflammatory mediators in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages. This study provides a pharmacological justification for the use of dingchuan tang in managing inflammatory disorders.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Different doses of tenecteplase vs alteplase in thrombolysis therapy of acute ischemic stroke: evidence from randomized controlled trials.
Recent studies showed inconsistent results of tenecteplase vs alteplase for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) with safety and efficacy. ⋯ Tenecteplase provided better early neurological improvement than alteplase. The 0.25 mg/kg dose of tenecteplase subgroup specially showed better early neurological improvement and lower any ICH tendency than that of alteplase. In addition, in serious stroke at baseline subgroup, tenecteplase showed a lower risk of any ICH.
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Review Meta Analysis
Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine are associated with reduced cardiovascular risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Chloroquine (CQ) and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) are widely used in patients with rheumatic diseases, but their effects on the cardiovascular system remain unclear. We aimed to assess whether CQ/HCQ could reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). ⋯ Our results suggested that CQ/HCQ was associated with a reduced risk of CVD in patients with rheumatic diseases. Randomized trials are needed to confirm the potential of CQ/HCQ in cardiovascular prevention in patients with and without rheumatic diseases.