Int J Clin Pharm Th
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Int J Clin Pharm Th · Nov 1994
The design of oral sustained-release theophylline dosing after conversion from intravenous to oral therapy.
We studied the design of oral sustained-release theophylline dosing after conversion from constant aminophylline infusion. Twelve children with bronchial asthma (9 boys and 3 girls) were evaluated in this study. Each patient received a constant intravenous administration of aminophylline for 4-10 days. ⋯ These estimates of pharmacokinetic parameters were used to predict the serum theophylline concentrations during oral theophylline therapy. Predicted serum theophylline concentrations using individual pharmacokinetic parameters were fitted with actual measured values in this study. When switching a patient from intravenous aminophylline to sustained-release oral theophylline, the use of Bayesian analysis of serum theophylline concentration values obtained during intravenous therapy works well in predicting serum theophylline concentrations and in determining oral dosages that maximize the drug's effectiveness.
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Int J Clin Pharm Th · Nov 1994
Comparative Study Clinical Trial Controlled Clinical TrialComparison of the onset, spontaneous recovery and train of four fade of the clinical neuromuscular block produced by pancuronium and pipecuronium.
The following study was performed to delineate the possible differences in the onset, recovery and "train of four" (TOF) fade characteristics of pancuronium (Pan) and pipecuronium (Pip). Eighty adult American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) class I and II surgical patients were studied with institutional approval. After premedication, general anesthesia was induced with thiopental sodium i.v. followed by N2/O2 halothane and fentanyl. ⋯ TOF fade ratios during the onset phase were similar. TOF fade at the 25% twitch responses recovery level was 100% with the MMG responses and (96% (Pan) and 94.8% (Pip) with the EMG responses at the 25% twitch response recovery level. Hemodynamic changes were similar after the single dose administration of the bolus administration of the two NMB agents.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)