Int J Clin Pharm Th
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Int J Clin Pharm Th · May 2013
Randomized Controlled TrialTime to onset of analgesia following local infiltration of liposome bupivacaine in healthy volunteers: a randomized, single-blind, sequential cohort, crossover study.
Bupivacaine liposome injectable suspension is a novel, prolonged-release formulation of bupivacaine. The time to onset of analgesia following an injection of liposome bupivacaine compared with placebo (normal saline) was investigated using a novel incisional pain model. Bupivacaine HCl was used as a positive control, compared with placebo to verify the validity of the study. ⋯ These results indicate that liposome bupivacaine offers time to onset characteristics similar to traditional bupivacaine HCl: clinically meaningful analgesia within 2 minutes after administration and substantial analgesia by 5 minutes.
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Int J Clin Pharm Th · May 2013
Randomized Controlled TrialImpact of allergic rhinitis and its treatment on the pharmacokinetics of nasally administered fentanyl.
Fentanyl pectin nasal spray (FPNS, Lazanda® in the US and PecFent® in Europe and Australia) is a novel analgesic approved for the management of breakthrough pain in cancer patients. Given that the fentanyl is nasally administered, it is important to understand whether concomitant allergic rhinitis, or its treatment with a vasoconstrictor, would affect its absorption and, potentially, its efficacy or safety. ⋯ Patients treated with FPNS will be unaffected by the development of allergic rhinitis; but, if oxymetazoline is prescribed, the patient would benefit from added supervision when oxymetazoline is started and stopped.
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Int J Clin Pharm Th · May 2013
Clinical TrialEffects of genetic polymorphisms of OPRM1, ABCB1, CYP3A4/5 on postoperative fentanyl consumption in Korean gynecologic patients.
Fentanyl, a μ-opioid receptor agonist, is a substrate of P-glycoprotein. Its metabolism is catalyzed by CYP3A4 and CYP3A5. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between postoperative fentanyl consumption and genetic polymorphisms of μ-opioid receptor (OPRM1), ABCB1 (gene encoding P-glycoprotein), CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 in Korean patients. ⋯ In Korean gynecologic patients, no association was found between genetic factors and postoperative fentanyl consumption.
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Int J Clin Pharm Th · May 2013
Clinical TrialPharmacokinetics and efficacy of ropivacaine in Chinese patients following intra-articular administration.
The purpose of the present study was to investigate the pharmacokinetics and efficacy of ropivacaine in Chinese patients by intra-articular administration after arthroscopic knee surgery, in order to assess the safety and efficacy. ⋯ Ropivacaine 150 mg provided satisfactory postoperative pain relief and can be safely administered by intraarticular injection in Chinese patients after arthroscopic knee surgery and the pharmacokinetic profiles of ropivacaine exhibited marked variability among the subjects. The high variability of pharmacokinetic profiles in this study may be caused by gender and body weight.
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Pregabalin is a prescription drug, structurally related to the neurotransmitter GABA. Following the rapidly increasing use of pregabalin, data signaling its abuse liability have been published recently. ⋯ This report highlights the potential for abuse of pregabalin in patients with a history of substance-seeking behavior. Considering that the drug has recently been proposed as a treatment for alcohol- and benzodiazepine-dependence a better clarification of its abuse potential is essential.