Int J Clin Pharm Th
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Int J Clin Pharm Th · Dec 2013
Randomized Controlled TrialProspective randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled trial to evaluate infection prevention in adult patients after tension-free inguinal hernia repair.
Infection is one of possible complications after prosthetic material hernia repair surgery. Antibiotic prophylaxis is applied routinely in China, but its effect is still controversial. The present study aims to offer direct clinical evidence on prevention of infection after tension-free inguinal hernia repair. ⋯ Prophylactic use of Cefazolin or Levofloxacin did not significantly decrease the risk of wound infection in these patients undergoing inguinal hernia repair. The present results do not support the administration of antibiotic prophylaxis for tension-free inguinal hernia repair. *The authors contributed equally to this work.
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Int J Clin Pharm Th · Nov 2013
Randomized Controlled TrialInfluence of phenylephrine or ephedrine on maternal hemodynamics upon umbilical cord clamping during cesarean delivery.
Vasopressors ephedrine and phenylephrine are commonly used with spinal anesthesia during cesarean delivery. Studies on them have focused on the period before the umbilical cord is clamped, although anesthesia is continuously administered throughout and after this event. This study aimed to compare the effects of these drugs on maternal hemodynamics at and after clamping of the umbilical cord. ⋯ Continuous infusion of phenylephrine during cesarean delivery maintains a stable maternal hemodynamic status better than ephedrine.
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Int J Clin Pharm Th · Nov 2013
Randomized Controlled TrialBioequivalence of oxycodone hydrochoride extended release tablets to marketed reference products OxyContin® in Canada and US.
Oxycodone is a semisynthetic opioid agonist used for the relief of moderate to severe pain. A new generic oxycodone hydrochloride (HCl) extended release (ER) tablet is currently being developed by Ranbaxy Pharmaceutical Inc., New Brunswick, NJ, USA. ⋯ Results demonstrate that the test formulation of oxycodone HCl ER tablets is bioequivalent to marketed OxyContin® reference formulations in Canada and USA, when administered both under fasted and fed conditions. Additionally, oxycodone HCl ER tablets were well tolerated as a single oral dose when administered to healthy adult subjects under fasted and fed conditions.
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Int J Clin Pharm Th · Oct 2013
Review Case ReportsAntidepressant treatment with MAO-inhibitors during general and regional anesthesia: a review and case report of spinal anesthesia for lower extremity surgery without discontinuation of tranylcypromine.
Monoamine oxidase-(MAO)-inhibitors are a treatment of last resort in treatment resistant depression, which is regarded as a condition of increased psychiatric risk. General and regional anesthesia for elective surgery during use of long-term MAO-inhibitors remains a matter of debate because of an increased risk of drug interactions and decreased sympathetic stability. A series of case reports and new comparative studies reveal the safety of anesthesia/analgesia in non-cardiac surgery without discontinuation of the MAO-inhibitor if best effort is made for maintenance of sympathetic homeostasis and if known drug interactions are avoided. ⋯ No peri- or postoperative complications were encountered. It is concluded that general or regional anesthesia for noncardiac surgery without discontinuation of MAO-inhibitor treatment may be a safe intervention after careful evaluation of an individual's perioperative and psychiatric risk. The increased psychiatric risk in patients treated with MAO-inhibitors outweighs the increased, however manageable, perioperative risk from continuing treatment during surgery.
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Int J Clin Pharm Th · Aug 2013
Randomized Controlled TrialEffect of epidural levobupivacaine and levobupivacaine with fentanyl on stress response and postoperative analgesia after total knee replacement.
Providing sufficient and convenient analgesia is crucial during the postoperative period after totalknee replacement (TKR) to enhance patient mobility and reduce stress response to surgery. The scope of this study is to compare the effects of levobupivacaine and levobupivacaine plus fentanyl on stress response and analgesic efficiency after TKR. ⋯ We have demonstrated that infusion of levobupivacaine (0.125%) in combination with fentanyl (4 μg ml-1) using PCEA suppressed stress response to surgery significantly and provided better pain relief than levobupivacaine (0.125%) alone after TKR.