Int J Clin Pharm Th
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Int J Clin Pharm Th · Oct 2002
Clinical TrialPharmacokinetics of levosimendan and its metabolites during and after a 24-hour continuous infusion in patients with severe heart failure.
Levosimendan is a new calcium sensitizer with additional vasodilatory properties developed for the short-term intravenous treatment of congestive heart failure. The aims of the present study were to determine the pharmacokinetics and hemodynamic effects of levosimendan and its metabolites during and after a 24-hour levosimendan infusion. ⋯ A 24-hour infusion of levosimendan induces hemodynamic effects lasting several days after stopping the infusion. The prolongation of the effects beyond the infusion period is most likely due to an active metabolite with a long half-life.
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Int J Clin Pharm Th · Jun 2002
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialA comparison of non-tapering vs. tapering prednisolone in acute exacerbation of asthma involving use of the low-dose ACTH test.
To determine if there is a difference in early relapse rates and adrenal suppression between patients receiving an 8-day course of 40 mg/day prednisolone and those receiving an 8-day tapering course of prednisolone. ⋯ In this small study, we found no significant difference in relapse rate or adrenal suppression between asthmatics receiving an 8-day tapering dose of prednisolone and those receiving 40 mg/day prednisolone upon discharge from the emergency department.
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Int J Clin Pharm Th · May 2002
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialPharmacokinetics of dexloxiglumide after administration of single and repeat oral escalating doses in healthy young males.
To assess the pharmacokinetics, safety and tolerability of dexloxiglumide, a new CCK1 receptor antagonist currently under development for the treatment of the constipation-predominant irritable bowel syndrome. ⋯ The safety and pharmacokinetic profile of dexloxiglumide when the drug is administered as single and repeated doses in the dose range 100 - 400 mg provides the rationale for the choice of the treatment schedule (200 mg t.i.d.) for the efficacy trials in patients with (constipation-predominant) irritable bowel syndrome.
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Int J Clin Pharm Th · Apr 2002
Elimination of levofloxacin in critically ill patients with renal failure: influence of continuous veno-venous hemofiltration.
Pharmacokinetic data on levofloxacin in critically ill patients are sparse and conflicting. Aim of the study was to assess the clearance of levofloxacin in critically ill patients treated with continuous veno-venous hemofiltration (CVVH). ⋯ During CVVH using polysulfone membrane hemofilters, plasma concentrations of levofloxacin are not easily predictable. Levofloxacin clearance may be affected by binding to secondary membranes formed in hemofilters during CVVH and blood flow rates have a significant impact on the pharmacokinetics of levofloxacin.
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Int J Clin Pharm Th · Jan 2002
Case ReportsPhenytoin toxicity with mandibular tremor secondary to intravenous administration.
The parenteral form of phenytoin is the most commonly used antiepileptic agent during the perioperative period in neurosurgery clinics. We report observations in a 52-year-old male patient with hypoalbuminemia and phenytoin intoxicity following 1 day preoperative administration and a 7-day postoperative intravenous administration of the drug with no modification of the oral dose. This report emphasizes the need for careful surveillance of phenytoin-induced toxicity during parenteral therapy, especially in debilitated patients.