Journal of psychosomatic research
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Cognitive and emotional factors in placebo analgesia.
Information that a painkiller has been administrated induces an expectancy of reduced pain, and the expectancy has been shown to reduce pain. This is termed placebo analgesia. We hypothesized that an expectancy of reduced pain reduces stress. ⋯ Placebo analgesia is not related to stress and is influenced by the social context in which pain is recorded.
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The aims of this study are to adapt two validated self-report questionnaires of deliberate self-harm and suicidal behavior to German, to investigate their psychometric properties and agreement with clinician-administered ratings, and to examine their psychopathological correlates. ⋯ The two questionnaire adaptations are reliable and valid self-report scales for the assessment of self-harm and past suicidal behavior.
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The aim of this study was to investigate the existence and content of delirium guidelines of the national psychiatric associations in Europe. ⋯ Although the development of evidence-based treatment guidelines is considered an important way to improve clinical practice, the national psychiatric associations of only two countries have such a guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of delirium. The advantages of supranational collaboration in the development of guidelines are stressed.
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The aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence rates of mental disorders in normal-weight individuals and obese individuals with and without weight loss treatment. ⋯ Unlike obese male individuals, obese female participants not currently in weight loss treatment did not differ from normal-weight participants with regard to comorbidity of mental disorders. However, obese female participants who were engaged in weight loss treatment exhibited significantly higher prevalence rates than normal-weight participants.
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The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between maternal and adolescent weight-related behaviors and concerns in a population-based sample. ⋯ Adolescents' perceptions of maternal behavior affect their weight-related concerns and behaviors. This suggests that mothers who choose to diet should model healthy choices in the areas of nutrition and physical activity.