The Journal of surgical research
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Apoptosis as well as necrosis may play an important role in hepatic ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Akt, a serine-threonine protein kinase, is known to promote cell survival. We investigated whether gene transfer of constitutively active or dominant negative Akt could affect hepatic I/R injury. ⋯ Adenoviral gene transfer of myrAkt could inhibit apoptotic cell death and subsequent hepatic I/R injury in the rat, through Bad, not NF-kappaB.
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Clavicular pseudoarthrosis is a rare condition, the management of which should not be underestimated because it requires re-operations and causes serious morbidity or even a lifelong handicap. ⋯ A single operation was adequate in seven cases; two operations were adequate in four cases and three operations were adequate in one case. Fractures healed properly in 11 cases, but in some cases mild-to-moderate symptoms still persisted post-operatively. The results of 13 patients who underwent various surgical procedures show that a reconstruction plate should be the first choice of osteosynthesis, followed by a dynamic-compression plate, and a semitubular plate should be the last choice. To conclude, with this kind of treatment of clavicular pseudoarthrosis, we achieved a high degree of patient satisfaction, as well as objective improvements in status reports.