The Journal of surgical research
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Acute kidney injury (AKI) occurs in 30% of patients undergoing complex cardiovascular surgery, and renal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is often a contributing factor. A recent meta-analysis observed that perioperative natriuretic peptide administration was associated with a reduction in AKI requiring dialysis in cardiovascular surgery patients. This study was designed to further clarify the potential reno-protective effect of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) using an established rat model of renal I/R injury. ⋯ BNP does not reduce the renal injury biomarker, urinary NGAL, or preserve GFR in acute renal ischemia-reperfusion injury.
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High frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) is frequently utilized for patients with acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). However, precise criteria to titrate mean airway pressure (mPaw) and FiO(2) as the patient's condition improves are lacking. We hypothesized that reducing mPaw and FiO(2) too quickly after reaching target arterial oxygen saturation levels would promote ventilator induced lung injury (VILI). ⋯ Rapid reduction of mPaw and FiO(2) in our ALI model significantly reduced oxygenation, but, more importantly, caused VILI as evidenced by increased lung inflammation and alveolar hyperdistension. Specific criteria for titration of mPaw and inspired oxygen are needed to maximize the lung protective effects of HFOV while maintaining adequate gas exchange.
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The aim of this study was to investigate the role of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) in cardioprotection afforded by phenylephrine pretreatment in early and late phases. ⋯ These results suggest that administration of atractyloside as a specific opener of the mPTP abolishes phenylephrine-induced early and late cardioprotection in the isolated rat hearts.