The Journal of surgical research
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Massive transfusion protocols (MTPs) are necessary for hemodynamically unstable trauma patients with active bleeding. Thrombotic events have been associated with blood transfusion; however, the risk factors for the development of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in trauma patients receiving MTP are unknown. ⋯ The risk for VTE in trauma patients requiring massive transfusion is proportional to the number of packed red blood cells transfused. Liberal screening protocols and maintenance of a high index of suspicion for VTE in these high-risk patients is justified.
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Observational Study
Pediatric bicycle helmet legislation and crash-related traumatic brain injury in Illinois, 1999-2009.
Bicycling is one of the most popular forms of play and exercise for children in the US. However, over 200,000 children per year are injured in bicycle crashes, and an estimated 22,000 pediatric bicycle-related traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) occur annually. Bicycle helmets are known to decrease the risk of head injury, but efficacy and magnitude of the effect of helmet legislation have not been fully elucidated. ⋯ Helmet use was protective against TBI, but socioeconomic and racial disparities exist in usage. Local legislation did not appear to impact helmet usage or admissions for bicycle-related TBIs in these areas.