The Journal of surgical research
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Comparative Study
Radiation With Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Does Not Improve Outcomes in Esophageal Squamous Cell Cancer.
Neoadjuvant treatment improves survival for patients undergoing esophagectomy for esophageal cancer. Recent evidence suggests that neoadjuvant chemoradiation offers no advantage over chemotherapy alone before surgical resection for adenocarcinoma histology. We sought to examine if this applies to patients with squamous cell histology. ⋯ For patients undergoing neoadjuvant treatment before planned surgical resection of squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus, the addition of radiation to neoadjuvant chemotherapy did not improve long-term survival and did not appear to impact short-term outcomes postoperatively. Further study with a randomized phase III trial is needed.
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Having posthospital syndrome (PHS) at the time of an elective surgery increases the risk of postoperative adverse outcomes. The purpose of this article was to identify incidence and risk factors for having PHS at the time of abdominal contouring surgeries. ⋯ Older patients have an increased risk of undergoing abdominal contouring surgery in a deconditioned state. Screening at-risk populations for PHS would help identify patients who need rehabilitation before operative intervention.
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A significant portion of patients sustaining traumatic brain injury (TBI) are on antiplatelet medications. The reversal of P2Y12 agents after intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) remains unclear. The aim of our study is to evaluate outcomes after TBI in patients who are on preinjury P2Y12 inhibitors and received a platelet transfusion. ⋯ Platelet transfusion after isolated traumatic ICH in patients on P2Y12 inhibitors is associated with improved outcomes. Platelet transfusion was associated with decreased risk of progression of ICH, neurosurgical intervention, and mortality. Further randomized studies to validate the use of platelet transfusion and define the optimal dose in patients on P2Y12 inhibitors are warranted.
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The purpose of this study was to identify an optimal definition of massive transfusion in civilian pediatric trauma with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) METHODS: Severely injured children (age ≤18 y) with severe TBI in the Trauma Quality Improvement Program research data sets 2015-2016 that received blood products were identified. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Wilcoxon rank-sum, chi-square, and logistic regression. Continuous variables are presented as median (interquartile range). ⋯ Total blood products infused were greater in those who died (34 mL/kg/4-h [17, 65] versus 22 [12, 44]; P < 0.01). Sensitivity and specificity for delayed mortality was optimized at 40 mL/kg/4 h, and for the need for a hemorrhage control procedure at 50 mL/kg/4 h. These thresholds predicted delayed mortality (OR 2.12; 95% CI 1.28-3.50; P < 0.01) and the need for hemorrhage control procedures (5.47; 95% CI 2.82-10.61; P < 0.01) CONCLUSIONS: For children with TBI, a massive transfusion threshold of 40 mL/kg/4-h of total administered blood products may be used to identify at-risk patients, improve resource utilization, and guide future research methodology.