Psychiatr Pol
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Review
[The effectiveness of antidepressants in the treatment of chronic non-cancer pain--a review].
Antidepressants are often applied in the treatment of chronic pain. Analgesic action of tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) has been extensively studied and proven. TCAs are associated with a number of adverse effects which are inconvenient for patients. ⋯ Venlafaxine--selective serotonin and noradrenergic reuptake inhibitors (SNRI) was shown to be effective in the treatment of different kinds of pain. Duloxetine (SNRI) is effective in relieving both the emotional and painful physical symptoms of depression. Additional randomized, controlled trials are necessary to fully evaluate the role of new antidepressants in the treatment of chronic pain.
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The aim of the paper is to study the differences between the mentally ill and a control group correlated with stressful live events and its connection with a sense of coherence. ⋯ Psychiatric patients experienced stressful life events in childhood more frequently, which had to do with a sense of coherence as measure of 'resistance' resources to cope with stressful events.
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The authors present the review of basic knowledge about aetiological mechanisms of painful symptoms, especially chronic pain and give a detailed description of links between pain and depression (psychologic, biological). Depressive disorders and chronic pain often coexist. ⋯ In the course of depression various kinds of pain occur. Presently we know at least five kinds of links between depression and pain: 1) depression appeared prior to the start of pain, 2) depression is a consequence of chronic pain and stress, 3) depressive episodes cause an increase of risk of next affective episodes in patients with chronic pain, 4) psychologic factors play an important role in the development of depressive symptoms, 5) altered balance between noradrenergic and serotonergic pathways and disregulation of other neurotransmitter systems (cholinergic, GABA-ergic, dopaminergic) and neuropeptides may cause chronic pain and depressive disorder.
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The aim of our study was to determine the relationship between personal and social resources and coping strategies with illness of family members with major depression in caregivers. ⋯ The results of the study indicate, that a high level of dispositional optimism and perceived emotional support play a causal role in use of active coping strategies with illness of family members.
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The goal of the research was to verify the comorbidity of difficult asthma and psychiatric disorders, their severity, the appearance of catastrophic interpretation of body sensations, and analysis of family functioning of asthmatic patients. ⋯ The research revealed that 74% of them suffered from panic disorder and 29% from depression. Family functioning of patients with difficult asthma was rather positive. In 71% of the group the specific trauma of suffering and/or death was discovered. Perhaps this trauma is etiologically connected with panic disorder, and also has an impact on the course of asthma.