Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr
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Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is seen widely in clinical practice. RLS commonly occurs at night time and presents with unpleasant or uncomfortable sensations in the legs that causes an urge to move them. This article describes the epidemiology, risk factors and pathophysiology of RLS. There is a detailed description of clinical presentations, diagnostic criteria and also management of RLS.
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Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr · Jan 2021
[Clinical features of temporal lobe epilepsy with involvement of the insular lobe].
To determine the clinical features of the course of the disease when the insular lobe is involved in the epileptic process. ⋯ Paroxysmal syndrome in temporal plus epilepsy with involvement of the insular lobe undergoes significant changes in the form of increased seizures and the appearance of specific seizures and characteristic polymorphism.
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Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr · Jan 2021
Review[Siponimod: a new view at the therapy of secondary progressive multiple sclerosis].
Siponimod is a selective modulator of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) receptors of types 1 and 5, registered in the Russian Federation for the treatment of patients with secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS), regardless of the presence or absence of exacerbations. The effectiveness of the drug in comparison with placebo was demonstrated in patients with SPMS in the international clinical trial EXPAND (phase III). This review devotes actual problems in the treatment of patients with SPMS, discusses the pathophysiology of multiple sclerosis progression, describes the peripheral and central mechanisms of siponimod action and its differences from fingolimod. According to analysis of scientific literature experimental, clinical and neuroimaging data are presented, which could explain the reasons for the successful use of siponimod in patients with SPMS, taking into account the pathophysiological mechanisms of the development of progression and the mechanisms of drug action.
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Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr · Jan 2021
[Neurophysiological methods in the assessment of different forms of migraine].
The review considers the efficacy of neurophysiological methods for the study of migraine. According to many authors, such neurophysiological methods as analysis of visual and somatosensory evoked potentials, trigeminal evoked potentials are informative for assessing the functional state of trigeminocervical and sensory systems. Analysis of bioelectric activity of the brain is used for differential diagnosis of migraine and epilepsy, evaluation of various forms and types of migraine. Studies with recording and analysis of laser evoked potentials, as well as the effects of transcranial magnetic stimulation, both diagnostic and non-pharmacological rehabilitation effects on pain syndrome, which increases the efficiency and quality of life in migraine, are considered.