The Journal of urology
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The Journal of urology · Jul 2000
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical TrialWeekly mitomycin C followed by monthly bacillus Calmette-Guerin or alternating monthly interferon-alpha2B and bacillus Calmette-Guerin for prophylaxis of recurrent papillary superficial bladder carcinoma.
We evaluated alternatives to bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) monotherapy using a new combination of chemotherapy and immunotherapy for recurrent superficial bladder carcinoma. ⋯ Monthly BCG given for up to 1 year preceded by perioperative and an additional 4 weekly mitomycin C instillations is a well tolerated mode of instillation therapy, providing excellent tumor control comparable to that of the best reported instillation regimens. No benefit was obtained by alternating interferon-alpha2b with BCG.
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The Journal of urology · Jul 2000
Geographic variation and environmental risk factors for the incidence of initial kidney stones in patients with spinal cord injury.
Although geographic variability in cases of kidney stones, primarily calcium stones, is reported in the general population, little is known about geographic variability in subjects with spinal cord injury, in whom struvite stones predominate. We examined regional variation in the incidence rate of initial kidney stones and clarified the contributing factors in a spinal cord injury cohort. ⋯ Our study implies that the increased stone risk in spinal cord injured subjects is potentially preventable by modifying environmental exposure. Etiological factors may be similar to those for kidney stones in the general population.
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The Journal of urology · Jul 2000
Comparative StudyComputerized tomography cystography for the diagnosis of traumatic bladder rupture.
We present our experience with computerized tomography (CT) cystography for diagnosing bladder rupture in patients with blunt abdominal and pelvic trauma, and compare the results of CT cystography with those of surgical exploration. ⋯ CT cystography provides expedient evaluation of bladder rupture due to blunt trauma and has accuracy comparable to that reported for plain film cystography. We recommend CT cystography over plain film cystography in patients undergoing CT for other injuries associated with blunt trauma.
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The Journal of urology · Jul 2000
Cyclophosphamide-induced cystitis in freely-moving conscious rats: behavioral approach to a new model of visceral pain.
To develop a model of visceral pain in rats using a behavioral approach. Cyclophosphamide (CP), an antitumoral agent known to produce toxic effects on the bladder wall through its main toxic metabolite acrolein, was used to induce cystitis. ⋯ Overall, these results indicate that this experimental model of CP-induced cystitis may be an interesting new behavioral model of inflammatory visceral pain, allowing a better understanding of these painful syndromes and thus a better therapeutic approach to them.
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Dog bites to the scrotum are rare but they potentially result in morbidity if improperly managed. ⋯ Although there are reports of devastating scrotal injuries from dog bites, most such wounds may be treated by careful inspection for intrascrotal injuries followed by débridement and closure. Antimicrobial prophylaxis should be administered, as for any bite wound.