The Journal of urology
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The Journal of urology · Aug 2008
Prognostic model for predicting survival after palliative urinary diversion for ureteral obstruction: analysis of 140 cases.
We identified patients with ureteral obstruction likely to benefit from palliative urinary diversion so that they can be advised appropriately. ⋯ The current stratification model may represent a useful tool for clinicians treating patients with ureteral obstruction due to advanced cancer.
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The Journal of urology · Aug 2008
Urinary and sexual quality of life 1 year following robotic assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy.
We evaluated urinary and sexual quality of life 1 year following robotic laparoscopic radical prostatectomy and identified preoperative variables predictive of a severe decrease from baseline. ⋯ We found that overall better baseline sexual and urinary scores are associated with better postoperative outcomes. However, the risk of a significant decrease in urinary function, urinary bother, sexual function and sexual bother is higher in patients with better baseline scores. Nerve sparing positively affects sexual function and sexual bother.
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The Journal of urology · Aug 2008
Intraprostatic botulinum toxin a injection inhibits cyclooxygenase-2 expression and suppresses prostatic pain on capsaicin induced prostatitis model in rat.
Cyclooxygenase-2 is a key enzyme in the conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandins, which are important mediators of inflammation and pain. We investigated the effect of intraprostatic botulinum toxin A administration on pain reaction and cyclooxygenase-2 expression in a capsaicin induced prostatitis model in rats. ⋯ Intraprostatic capsaicin injection activates cyclooxygenase-2 expression in the prostate, and spinal sensory and motor neurons, and it induces prostatic pain. Botulinum toxin A pretreatment could inhibit capsaicin induced cyclooxygenase-2 expression from the peripheral organ to the L6 spinal cord and inhibit prostatic pain and inflammation. This finding suggests a potential clinical benefit of botulinum toxin A for the treatment of nonbacterial prostatitis.
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The Journal of urology · Aug 2008
The current state of diversity and multicultural training in urology residency programs.
The American population continues to increase in ethnic diversity. However, the medical work force has lagged behind these population trends. We evaluated the extent of diversity and perceived barriers to multicultural training in American urology programs. ⋯ Most urology program directors trained with few minority or female co-residents. This paucity of diversity has continued with current faculty members. Residents are increasingly diverse but few urology residency programs have a formal curriculum or mentors to address diversity issues. Therefore, current residency training may not encourage diversity at academic centers or adequately prepare residents to serve an increasingly diverse patient population.