Nursing research
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Health literacy has been linked to breast and cervical cancer screening, with inconsistent findings, which may result from the use of nonprobability sampling and a health literacy instrument that measures a subset of health literacy. ⋯ Oral and listening literacies are contributing factors to lifetime breast cancer screening and up-to-date cervical cancer screening. Providers should create an atmosphere of effective patient-provider communication and informed decision-making by reducing health literacy demands in the medical encounter.