Nursing research
-
Multicenter Study
Adult emergency visits for chronic cardiorespiratory disease: does dyspnea matter?
Dyspnea is among the most common reasons for emergency department (ED) visits, yet little is known about how it is associated with visit characteristics and disposition or about how such associations differ across diagnoses. ⋯ Reports of dyspnea increased the likelihood of admission from the ED either directly or indirectly, depending on diagnosis. Judgments of nonurgency may be less dependable in ED visits for COPD and CHF than for asthma or adult visits generally.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial
The efficacy of developmentally sensitive interventions and sucrose for relieving procedural pain in very low birth weight neonates.
Procedural pain management for very low birth weight (VLBW) neonates has been minimal or nonexistent in most neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). ⋯ The most efficacious interventions for reducing pain from single painful events were the pacifier with sucrose and the pacifier with sterile water. Research on the efficacy and safety of implementing these interventions, alone and in combination, for repeated painful procedures is needed. In addition, research is needed on the influence of implementing these interventions on pain response and clinical outcomes (e.g., health status and neurodevelopmental status) in VLBW neonates in the NICU.
-
Meta Analysis
Effects of distraction on children's pain and distress during medical procedures: a meta-analysis.
It is difficult to determine the usefulness of distraction to decrease children's distress behavior and pain during medical procedures because many studies use very small samples and report inconsistent findings. ⋯ Distraction had a positive effect on children's distress behavior across the populations represented in this study. The effect of distraction on children's self-reported pain is influenced by moderator variables. Controlling for age and type of painful procedure significantly increased the amount of explained variance, but there are other unidentified moderators at work.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
Predicting pressure ulcer risk: a multisite study of the predictive validity of the Braden Scale.
There have been no studies that have tested the Braden Scale for predictive validity and established cutoff points for assessing risk specific to different settings. ⋯ Risk assessment on admission is important for timely planning of preventive strategies. Ongoing assessment in SNFs and VAMCs improves prediction and permits fine-tuning of the risk-based prevention protocols. In tertiary care the most accurate prediction occurs at 48 to 72 hours after admission and at this time the care plan can be refined.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Randomized trial of geragogy-based medication instruction in the emergency department.
Medication adherence by older adults who are discharged from the emergency department (ED) is an essential attribute of effective treatment. Researchers have demonstrated that delivery of well-structured instructions increases the knowledge of discharge regimens and increases adherence among ED populations. ⋯ These findings suggest that a medication teaching intervention geared to the special needs of the elderly can be effective in increasing medication knowledge.