Nursing research
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Meta Analysis
Reducing venipuncture and intravenous insertion pain with eutectic mixture of local anesthetic: a meta-analysis.
The eutectic mixture of local anesthetics (EMLA), by producing dermal anesthesia through contact with intact skin, has become a major indication for the reduction of pain experienced during venipuncture (VE) and intravenous (IV) insertion. ⋯ EMLA cream can significantly decrease VE and IV insertion pain in 85% of the population.
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Meta Analysis
Effects of distraction on children's pain and distress during medical procedures: a meta-analysis.
It is difficult to determine the usefulness of distraction to decrease children's distress behavior and pain during medical procedures because many studies use very small samples and report inconsistent findings. ⋯ Distraction had a positive effect on children's distress behavior across the populations represented in this study. The effect of distraction on children's self-reported pain is influenced by moderator variables. Controlling for age and type of painful procedure significantly increased the amount of explained variance, but there are other unidentified moderators at work.
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Meta Analysis
Job satisfaction and turnover among nurses: integrating research findings across studies.
A meta-analytic study investigated the causal relationships among job satisfaction, behavioral intentions, and nurse turnover behavior. A theoretical model was proposed in which behavioral intentions were viewed as a direct antecedent to turnover behavior. ⋯ The results of the modifier analysis suggested that effect sizes are fairly robust to differences in study designs, response rates, and methods of measuring job satisfaction, but the manner in which behavioral intentions were operationalized appeared to moderate the relationship between behavioral intentions and turnover and job satisfaction. Of variables related to nursing job satisfaction, work content and work environment had a stronger relationship with job satisfaction than economic or individual difference variables.