Plos One
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Low national immunization coverage (44.64%) requires strengthening the vaccination campaign to improve knowledge about HPV and its vaccine among adolescents and parents/guardians. Our aim is to evaluate factors related to knowledge about HPV, its vaccine, acceptability and divergences among Brazilian adolescents and parents/guardians. ⋯ Female adolescents and parents/guardians with a higher level of education are factors related to suitable knowledge about HPV and its vaccine among Brazilian respondents. There were differences between parents/guardians and adolescents in HPV awareness, clinical implications, vaccine knowledge and vaccine acceptance.
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Children with severe motor and intellectual disabilities experience chronic pain but cannot communicate verbally. However, no Japanese tool currently exists for assessing pain in this population. This study aimed to develop and evaluate the reliability and validity of a Japanese version of the Paediatric Pain Profile, which is a behavioral rating scale to assess pain in children with severe neurological disabilities. ⋯ However, the concurrent validity with Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability scores was good (r = 0.629) and construct validity was confirmed (p < 0.001). We confirmed the validity of the Japanese version of the Paediatric Pain Profile, but reliable pain assessment may require repeated ratings by the same person. To accurately assess pain in children with severe motor and intellectual disabilities, healthcare staff must be properly trained and become more skilled in using the Japanese version of the Paediatric Pain Profile.
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Cortical spreading depolarization (SD) waves negatively affect neuronal survival and outcome after ischemic stroke. We here aimed to investigate the effects of vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) on SDs in a rat model of focal ischemia. ⋯ In rats treated with nVNS, motor outcome was improved 2 days after transient MCAO, but was similar to sham VNS animals 3 days after ischemia. We postulate that VNS may be a safe and efficient intervention to reduce the clinical burden of SD waves in stroke and other conditions.
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Attending physician productivity and efficiency can be affected when working simultaneously with Residents. To gain a better understanding of this effect, we aim to compare productivity, efficiency, and overall performance differences among Attendings working solo versus working with Residents in an Emergency Department (ED). ⋯ In comparison to the Attending working solo staffing model, increased productivity with decreased efficiency occurred among Attendings when working with Residents. The overall performance of Attendings when working with Residents varied inversely against their performance when working solo.
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Comparative Study
Assessment of early treatment response on MRI in multiple myeloma: Comparative study of whole-body diffusion-weighted and lumbar spinal MRI.
To compare remission status at completion of chemotherapy for multiple myeloma (MM) with changes in total diffusion volume (tDV) calculated from whole-body diffusion-weighted imaging (WB-DWI) and fat fraction (FF) of lumbar bone marrow (BM) by modified Dixon Quant (mDixon Quant) soon after induction of chemotherapy, and to assess the predictive value of MRI. ⋯ Early change in FF of lumbar BM and serum M protein soon after induction of chemotherapy contributed significantly to prediction of CR/VGPR.