Plos One
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Although evidence supports brief, frequent CPR training, optimal training intervals have not been established. The purpose of this study was to compare nursing students' CPR skills (compressions and ventilations) with 4 different spaced training intervals: daily, weekly, monthly, and quarterly, each for 4 times in a row. ⋯ For students and other novices learning to perform CPR, the opportunity to train on consecutive days or weeks may be beneficial: if learners are aware of specific errors in performance, it may be easier for them to correct performance and refine skills when there is less time in between practice sessions.
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In the obese, the evidence for the choice of the optimal emergency front-of-neck access technique is very limited and conflicting. We compared cannula and scalpel-bougie emergency front-of-neck access techniques in an anaesthetised porcine model with thick pretracheal tissue. Cannula and scalpel-bougie cricothyroidotomy techniques were performed in 11 and 12 anaesthetised pigs, respectively. ⋯ Median (inter-quartile-range) times to successful airway device placement were 108 (30-256) and 90 (63-188) seconds (P = 0.762) for cannula and scalpel-bougie emergency front-of-neck access, respectively. Proportion of animals with iatrogenic trauma additional to the procedure itself was 27% for cannula and 75% for scalpel-bougie technique (P = 0.039). Thus, in the porcine model of obesity, the scalpel-bougie technique was more successful in establishing and maintaining rescue oxygenation than cannula-based technique; however, it was associated with a higher risk of severe trauma.
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Evidence-based characterization of the diagnostic and prognostic value of the hematological and immunological markers related to the epidemic of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is critical to understand the clinical course of the infection and to assess in development and validation of biomarkers. ⋯ Several hematological and immunological markers, in particular neutrophilic count, could be helpful to be included within the routine panel for COVID-19 infection evaluation to ensure risk stratification and effective management.
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Non-Invasive Venous waveform Analysis (NIVA) is novel technology that captures and analyzes changes in venous waveforms from a piezoelectric sensor on the wrist for hemodynamic volume assessment. Complex cranial vault reconstruction is performed in children with craniosynostosis and is associated with extensive blood loss, potential life-threatening risks, and significant morbidity. In this preliminary study, we hypothesized that NIVA will provide a reliable, non-invasive, quantitative assessment of intravascular volume changes in children undergoing complex cranial vault reconstruction. ⋯ NIVA values correlate more closely to intravascular volume changes in pediatric craniofacial patients than MAP. This initial study suggests that NIVA is a potential safe, reliable, non-invasive quantitative method of measuring intravascular volume changes for children undergoing surgery.
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Meta Analysis
Reduction in total leukocytes in malaria patients compared to febrile controls: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Leukocyte alterations are a common hematological alteration among malaria patients. ⋯ This systematic review demonstrated that the total leukocyte count was affected by malarial infection at baseline despite the heterogeneity of the included studies. Future work must aim to understand the treatment-related total leukocyte reduction during follow-up or post-treatment outcomes in malaria-endemic settings.