Pediatrics
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Dimenhydrinate in children with infectious gastroenteritis: a prospective, RCT.
Vomiting is a common symptom in children with infectious gastroenteritis. It contributes to fluid loss and is a limiting factor for oral rehydration therapy. Dimenhydrinate has traditionally been used for children with gastroenteritis in countries such as Canada and Germany. We investigated the efficacy and safety of dimenhydrinate in children with acute gastroenteritis. ⋯ Dimenhydrinate reduces the frequency of vomiting in children with mild dehydration; however, the overall benefit is low, because it does not improve oral rehydration and clinical outcome.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Beliefs and barriers to follow-up after an emergency department asthma visit: a randomized trial.
Studies in urban emergency departments (EDs) have found poor quality of chronic asthma care and identified beliefs and barriers associated with low rates of follow-up with a primary care provider (PCP). ⋯ An ED-based intervention influenced beliefs but did not increase PCP follow-up or asthma-related outcomes.
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Comparative Study
Pediatric pain after ambulatory surgery: where's the medication?
The purpose of this controlled study was to provide a description of children's postoperative pain, including pain intensity and analgesic consumption. ⋯ We conclude that a large proportion of children receive little analgesic medication after surgery and research efforts should be directed to the discrepancy between high ratings of postoperative pain provided by parents and the low dosing of analgesics they use for their children.
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Comparative Study
Relationship of serum S100B levels and intracranial injury in children with closed head trauma.
To determine if serum levels of S100B are higher in children with CHT and ICI as detected by cranial CT and if long bone fractures affect the level of S100B in children with CHT and skeletal injury. ⋯ After controlling for time of venipuncture, long-bone fractures, and race, S100B levels were still higher in children with ICI than in those without ICI. However, the ability of serum S100B measurements to detect ICI was poor.
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Comparative Study
Implementation of and barriers to routine HIV screening for adolescents.
We developed and implemented a process for routine HIV screening, and we report screening practices and acceptance among adolescents at a large, urban, pediatric emergency department (ED). ⋯ Adolescents and their guardians accept routine, optout, HIV screening, regardless of gender or race, and a computerized reminder enhances screening.