Pediatrics
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Multicenter Study
Impact of electronic health record-based alerts on influenza vaccination for children with asthma.
The goal was to assess the impact of influenza vaccine clinical alerts on missed opportunities for vaccination and on overall influenza immunization rates for children and adolescents with asthma. ⋯ Clinical alerts were associated with only modest improvements in influenza vaccination rates.
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For infant and child resuscitation, current basic life support guidelines recommend a compression depth of one third to one half of the anteroposterior chest diameter. This study was conducted to assess the actual compression depths in infants and children when current guidelines are strictly followed. ⋯ Radiological assessment of infants' and children's chests indicates similar or higher compression depths for infants and children versus the recommended compression depths for adults (3.8-5.1 cm) according to current guidelines. More evidence is needed to guide the proper depth of chest compression in pediatric populations.
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Multicenter Study
Influenza virus infection and the risk of serious bacterial infections in young febrile infants.
We aimed to determine the risk of SBIs in febrile infants with influenza virus infections and compare this risk with that of febrile infants without influenza infections. ⋯ Febrile infants
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Traumatic brain injury is a leading cause of death and disability in children. Guidelines have been established to prevent secondary brain injury caused by hypotension or hypoxia. The purpose of this study was to identify the prevalence, monitoring, and treatment of hypotension and hypoxia during "early" (prehospital and emergency department) care and to evaluate their relationship to vital status and neurologic outcomes at hospital discharge. ⋯ Hypotension and hypoxia are common events in pediatric traumatic brain injury. Approximately one third of children are not properly monitored in the early phases of their management. Attempts to treat hypotension and hypoxia significantly improved outcomes.
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Given radiation- and sedation-associated risks, there is uncertainty about which children with head trauma should receive cranial computed tomography (CT) scanning. A high-quality and high-performing clinical prediction rule may reduce this uncertainty. ⋯ Eight clinical prediction-rule derivation studies were identified. They varied considerably in population, methodologic quality, and performance. Future efforts should be directed toward validating rules with high quality and performance in other populations and deriving a high-quality, high-performance rule for young children.