Pediatrics
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Cognitive behavior therapy for pediatric functional abdominal pain: a randomized controlled trial.
This randomized controlled trial investigated the effectiveness of a 6-session protocolized cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) compared with 6 visits to a pediatrician (intensive medical care; IMC) for the treatment of pediatric functional abdominal pain (FAP). ⋯ CBT was equally effective as IMC in reducing AP in children with FAP. More research into the specific working mechanisms of CBT for pediatric FAP is needed.
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Multicenter Study Clinical Trial Observational Study
Effect of palivizumab prophylaxis on subsequent recurrent wheezing in preterm infants.
Palivizumab effectively prevents severe respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) disease in preterm infants. Our objective was to test whether palivizumab prophylaxis given to preterm infants during the first RSV season reduces the incidence of subsequent recurrent wheezing up to 3 years of life. ⋯ Palivizumab prophylaxis administered to preterm infants 33 to 35 weeks' gestational age is associated with a significantly lower incidence of recurrent wheezing during the first 3 years of life.
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Adult solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients commonly develop advanced kidney disease; however, the burden of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) in children after SOT is not well-described. The objectives of this study were to determine the incidence of ESKD after pediatric SOT and the relative risk by SOT type. ⋯ In a 20-year national cohort of pediatric SOT recipients, the risk of ESKD was highest among intestinal and lung transplant recipients. The burden of earlier stages of chronic kidney disease is probably much higher; modifiable risk factors should be targeted to prevent progressive kidney damage in this high-risk population.
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Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Narrow vs broad-spectrum antimicrobial therapy for children hospitalized with pneumonia.
The 2011 Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society/Infectious Diseases Society of America community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) guideline recommends narrow-spectrum antimicrobial therapy for most children hospitalized with CAP. However, few studies have assessed the effectiveness of this strategy. ⋯ Clinical outcomes and costs for children hospitalized with CAP are not different when treatment is with narrow- compared with broad-spectrum therapy.