Arch Pediat Adol Med
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Arch Pediat Adol Med · Jan 1999
Effect of treating obstructive sleep apnea by tonsillectomy and/or adenoidectomy on obesity in children.
Obstructive sleep apnea is common in obese children who have enlarged tonsils and adenoids. ⋯ Treating obstructive sleep apnea by tonsillectomy and/or adenoidectomy is associated with increased gain in height, weight, and body mass index in most children, including the obese and morbidly obese.
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Arch Pediat Adol Med · Jan 1999
How commonly are children hospitalized for asthma eligible for care in alternative settings?
To estimate the proportion of children hospitalized for acute asthma exacerbation who might be cared for successfully in alternative settings such as short-stay units or in-home nursing. ⋯ More than 70% of asthma hospitalizations in this community could be cared for in alternative settings with supplemental oxygen, nebulized medication treatments, and close nursing observation provided, in most cases, for 2 nursing shifts.
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Arch Pediat Adol Med · Jan 1999
Head trauma in children younger than 2 years: are there predictors for complications?
To determine the incidence of skull fracture (SF) and intracranial injury (ICA) among children younger than 2 years evaluated in a pediatric emergency department for head trauma; whether historical features and/or physical findings are predictive of injury type; and whether clinical criteria could allow a selective approach to radiographic imaging. ⋯ Both SF and ICA are common in children younger than 2 years evaluated for head trauma. Children younger than 12 months are at highest risk. Injuries resulted from relatively minor falls and occurred in alert, neurologically normal children. Clinical signs and symptoms were insensitive predictors of SF/ICA; however, a grouping of features (fall < or = 3 ft [0.9 m], no history of neurologic symptoms, and normal scalp physical examination results) identified a subset of children at low risk for complications.
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To examine the association between carrying a weapon at school and the age of onset of substance use, other indicators of violence, and other health risk behaviors among middle school students. ⋯ Middle school students are more likely to carry a knife or club (14.1%) than a gun (3%) to school. Young adolescents who initiate substance use early and engage in it frequently are more likely to carry guns and other weapons to school, after adjusting for age, sex, and ethnicity. Being threatened with a weapon at school and fighting were only associated with knife or club carrying at school. These findings suggest that school-based prevention programs targeting both violence prevention and substance use should be introduced in elementary school.