Arch Pediat Adol Med
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Arch Pediat Adol Med · Apr 1996
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialOutpatient treatment of croup with nebulized dexamethasone.
To determine if treating children who have acute, moderate croup with nebulized dexamethasone sodium phosphate in the emergency department results in clinical improvement by 4 hours and a decrease in the hospitalization rate. ⋯ Treatment of moderate croup with nebulized dexamethasone results in clinical improvement within 4 hours. We did not show a decrease in hospitalization rates, although our sample size was only large enough to detect a 67% reduction in the rate of hospitalization. Given the infectious complications and the absence of evidence for a sustained clinical effect, we do not recommend that patients with croup be treated with nebulized dexamethasone.
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Arch Pediat Adol Med · Mar 1996
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialSucrose as an analgesic agent for infants during immunization injections.
To assess the effectiveness of sucrose as an analgesic agent during routine immunization injections for infants (age range, 2 weeks to 18 months). ⋯ We found that when infants drank sucrose or sterile water, significantly fewer pain vocalizations were produced, but only for 2-week-old infants. For older infants, differences were found only when the number of injections was included in the analysis. We expand on previous findings by demonstrating that both the age of the child and the number of painful exposures can attenuate calming effects. In addition, the results suggest that in the absence of nonnutritive sucking, the actual analgesic effects of sucrose may be nonspecific. Further study is needed of the possible analgesic effects of sucrose.
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Arch Pediat Adol Med · Jan 1996
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical TrialVitamin A and respiratory syncytial virus infection. Serum levels and supplementation trial.
To determine the benefit of oral vitamin A supplementation for acute respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection. ⋯ Serum vitamin A and RBP levels were low in children hospitalized with RSV infection and were lower in children admitted to the intensive care unit. Hospitalized control patients in intensive care also had lower levels than those treated on the ward. We observed no benefit from oral vitamin A supplementation for children hospitalized with RSV infection.
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Arch Pediat Adol Med · Aug 1995
Case Reports Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialPractice variations among pediatricians and family physicians in the management of otitis media.
To determine theoretical practice patterns and Medicaid practices in the management of persistent and recurrent otitis media by family physicians and pediatricians in Colorado. ⋯ The findings of this survey document the wide variation in practice patterns for treating children with persistent otitis media and children with recurrent otitis media in Colorado.
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Arch Pediat Adol Med · Jun 1995
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialAntipyretic efficacy of ibuprofen and acetaminophen in children with febrile seizures.
To compare the antipyretic efficacy of ibuprofen syrup (5 mg/kg per dose) and acetaminophen syrup (10 mg/kg per dose) in children with a history of febrile seizures. ⋯ Ibuprofen and acetaminophen are effective antipyretic agents in children with a history of febrile seizures. Ibuprofen yielded significantly greater fever reduction than did acetaminophen 4 hours after the first dose. Research is needed on the value of antipyretic agents for the prevention of febrile seizure recurrence.