Iran J Pediatr
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Air leak syndromes including pneumothorax, pneumomediastinum and pulmonary interstitial emphysema are frequent in neonatal period. Mechanical ventilation with positive pressure is one of the most common causes of these syndromes. The aim of this study was to evaluate predisposing factors and incidence of pneumothorax in newborns under mechanical ventilation. ⋯ In newborns surfactant replacement therapy can reduce the risk of pneumothorax caused by mechanical ventilation.