Pediatr Crit Care Me
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Pediatr Crit Care Me · Jan 2012
ReviewThe impact of mechanical ventilation time before initiation of extracorporeal life support on survival in pediatric respiratory failure: a review of the Extracorporeal Life Support Registry.
To evaluate the relationship between duration of mechanical ventilation before the initiation of extracorporeal life support and the survival rate in children with respiratory failure. Extracorporeal life support has been used as a rescue therapy for >30 yrs in children with severe respiratory failure. Previous studies suggest patients who received >7-10 days of mechanical ventilation were not acceptable extracorporeal life support candidates as a result of irreversible lung damage. ⋯ There was a clear relationship between the number of mechanical ventilation days before the initiation of extracorporeal life support and survival. However; there was no statistically significant decrease in survival until >14 days of pre-extracorporeal life support ventilation was reached regardless of underlying diagnosis. We found no evidence to suggest that prolonged mechanical ventilation should be considered as a contraindication to extracorporeal life support in children with respiratory failure before 14 days.
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Pediatr Crit Care Me · Jan 2012
Comparative StudyFever control and application of hypothermia using intravenous cold saline.
To describe the use and feasibility of cold saline to decrease body temperature in pediatric neurocritical care. ⋯ Cold saline was an effective method of reducing temperature in children with acute brain injury. This approach can be considered to treat fever or to induce hypothermia. A prospective study comparing safety and efficacy vs. other cooling measures should be considered.
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Pediatr Crit Care Me · Jan 2012
Comparative StudyCentral venous catheter sampling of low molecular heparin levels: an approach to increasing result reliability.
The low molecular weight heparin effect in children is monitored using the anti-factor Xa level. Venipuncture is recommended; however, central venous catheter blood sampling is often necessary. Heparin infused through central venous catheters may contaminate central venous catheter blood samples, preventing reliable anti-factor Xa level measurement. Simultaneous anti-factor Xa/partial thromboplastin time measurement with central venous catheter blood sampling may predict anti-factor Xa reliability. ⋯ Measurement of the partial thromboplastin time performed in combination with that of the anti-factor Xa level can be used to assist health practitioners to identify unfractionated heparin contamination of anti-factor Xa levels drawn from central venous catheters. A careful sampling technique may minimize heparin contamination in central venous catheter blood samples.
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Pediatr Crit Care Me · Jan 2012
Comparative StudyTargeted interventions improve shared agreement of daily goals in the pediatric intensive care unit.
To improve communication during daily rounds using sequential interventions. ⋯ Shared agreement of patients' daily goals among key healthcare providers can be increased through process-oriented interventions. Improved agreement will potentially lead to improved quality of patient care and reduced medical errors.
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Pediatr Crit Care Me · Jan 2012
Comparative StudyReliability of the identification of the systemic inflammatory response syndrome in critically ill infants and children.
To assess interobserver reliability of the identification of episodes of the systemic inflammatory response syndrome in critically ill hospitalized infants and children. ⋯ Episodes of systemic inflammatory response syndrome in critically ill infants and children can be identified reproducibly using the consensus definition.