Pediatr Crit Care Me
-
Pediatr Crit Care Me · Jul 2012
ReviewInhaled iloprost for the control of acute pulmonary hypertension in children: a systematic review.
Inhaled iloprost is attracting growing interest as a potential alternative and/or adjuvant to inhaled nitric oxide in the management of pediatric pulmonary hypertension in the acute and intensive care settings. However, there are currently no formal evidence-based guidelines regarding the use of inhaled iloprost in children with pulmonary hypertension. The aim of this systematic review is to assess the literature concerning the use of inhaled iloprost in children with pulmonary hypertension in the acute setting. ⋯ Inhaled iloprost may be useful in the acute treatment of children and neonates with pulmonary hypertension, but clinical data are scarce, and the appropriate dosing of iloprost in different scenarios is uncertain. Well-designed prospective clinical trials are needed.
-
Pediatr Crit Care Me · Jul 2012
Randomized Controlled TrialEffect of body position on ventilation distribution in preterm infants on continuous positive airway pressure.
Although continuous positive airway pressure is used extensively in neonatal intensive care units, and despite the belief that positioning is considered vital to the maintenance of good lung ventilation, no data exist on regional ventilation distribution in infants on continuous positive airway pressure ventilatory support. ⋯ This study presents the first results on regional ventilation distribution in preterm infants on continuous positive airway pressure using electrical impedance tomography. Gravity had little impact on regional ventilation distribution in preterm infants on continuous positive airway pressure or in spontaneously breathing infants in the supine or prone position, indicating that ventilation distribution in preterm infants is not gravity-dependent but follows an anatomical pattern. AUSTRALIA NEW ZEALAND CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRY:: ACTRN12606000210572.
-
Pediatr Crit Care Me · Jul 2012
ReviewExtracorporeal life support: an update of Rogers' Textbook of Pediatric Intensive Care.
The field of extracorporeal life support, which has focused predominantly on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in the past, is undergoing rapid expansion following years of stagnation as newer devices and improved technology have become available. Additionally, new cannulae and cannulation techniques have allowed extracorporeal life support to be expanded to many groups who would have been excluded from support in the past. ⋯ Continued examination of the criteria and circumstances where extracorporeal life support is applied as well as outcomes which include morbidity, cost effectiveness, and quality of life are needed areas of continued research. Increasing collaborations between all centers performing extracorporeal life support throughout the world should remain a priority to further research and understanding of this complex field.
-
Pediatr Crit Care Me · Jul 2012
Comparative StudyComparing the clinical severity of the first versus second wave of 2009 Influenza A (H1N1) in a New York City pediatric healthcare facility.
We previously reported the epidemiology of 2009 Influenza A (H1N1) in our pediatric healthcare facility in New York City during the first wave of illness (May-July 2009). We hypothesized that compared with the first wave, the second wave would be characterized by increased severity of illness and mortality. ⋯ At our pediatric healthcare facility in New York City, fewer children were hospitalized with 2009 Influenza A (H1N1) during the second wave, but both waves had a similar spectrum of illness severity and low mortality rate.
-
Pediatr Crit Care Me · Jul 2012
Randomized Controlled TrialSafety, efficacy, and tolerability of early initiation of noninvasive positive pressure ventilation in pediatric patients admitted with status asthmaticus: a pilot study.
Although noninvasive positive pressure ventilation is increasingly used for respiratory distress, there is not much data supporting its use in children with status asthmaticus. The objective of this study was to determine safety, tolerability, and efficacy of early initiation of noninvasive positive pressure ventilation in addition to standard of care in the management of children admitted with status asthmaticus. ⋯ Early initiation of noninvasive positive pressure ventilation, along with short acting β-agonists and systemic steroids, can be safe, well-tolerated, and effective in the management of children with status asthmaticus.