Pediatr Crit Care Me
-
Pediatr Crit Care Me · Sep 2015
Multicenter StudyTrends in PICU Admission and Survival Rates in Children in Australia and New Zealand Following Cardiac Arrest.
To describe the temporal trends in rates of PICU admissions and mortality for out-of-hospital cardiac arrests and in-hospital cardiac arrests admitted to PICU over the last decade. ⋯ Despite improvements in overall outcomes in children admitted to Australian and New Zealand PICUs, survival of children admitted with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest or in-hospital cardiac arrest did not change significantly over the past decade.
-
Pediatr Crit Care Me · Sep 2015
Multicenter Study Observational StudyRisk Factors for Mortality and Outcomes in Pediatric Acute Lung Injury/Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.
Children admitted to PICUs often present with or develop respiratory failure that requires mechanical ventilation. We prospectively identified children admitted to three general PICUs, with the goal of identifying risk factors for mortality. ⋯ Mortality is high in pediatric acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome. Mechanical ventilation-associated risk factors for death among such patients are potential targets for intervention.
-
Pediatr Crit Care Me · Sep 2015
Evaluation of Electronic Medical Record Vital Sign Data Versus a Commercially Available Acuity Score in Predicting Need for Critical Intervention at a Tertiary Children's Hospital.
Evaluate the ability of vital sign data versus a commercially available acuity score adapted for children (pediatric Rothman Index) to predict need for critical intervention in hospitalized pediatric patients to form the foundation for an automated early warning system. ⋯ A model consisting of simultaneous vital sign abnormalities and the pediatric Rothman Index predict condition A or C in the 24-hour period prior to the event. Vital sign only prediction models have higher sensitivity than the pediatric Rothman Index but are associated with a high false-positive rate. The high specificity of the pediatric Rothman Index merits prospective evaluation as an electronic adjunct to human-triggered early warning systems.
-
Pediatr Crit Care Me · Sep 2015
Controlled Clinical TrialInhaled β2-Agonist Therapy Increases Functional Residual Capacity in Mechanically Ventilated Children With Respiratory Failure.
To test the hypothesis that in mechanically ventilated children with respiratory failure, aerosolized albuterol modifies functional residual capacity, lung mechanics, oxygen consumption, and hemodynamics. ⋯ In pediatric patients with respiratory failure, aerosolized albuterol increases functional residual capacity without a decrease in resistance. In infants and children, aerosolized albuterol might favorably enhance pulmonary mechanics and thereby represent a novel strategy for lung recruitment in children with respiratory failure.
-
Pediatr Crit Care Me · Sep 2015
Observational StudyHyperglycemia at the Time of Acquiring Central Catheter-Associated Bloodstream Infections Is Associated With Mortality in Critically Ill Children.
Hyperglycemia is common and may be a risk factor for nosocomial infections, including central catheter-associated bloodstream infections in critically ill children. It is unknown whether hyperglycemia at the time of acquiring central catheter-associated bloodstream infections in pediatric critical illness is associated with worse outcomes. We hypothesized that hyperglycemia (blood glucose concentration > 126 mg/dL [> 7 mmol/L]) at the time of acquiring central catheter-associated bloodstream infections (from 4 d prior to the day of first positive blood culture, i.e., central catheter-associated bloodstream infections) in critically ill children is common and associated with ICU mortality. ⋯ Hyperglycemia at the time of acquiring central catheter-associated bloodstream infections is common and associated with ICU mortality in critically ill children. Strategies to monitor and control blood glucose to avoid hyperglycemia may improve outcomes in critically ill children experiencing central catheter-associated bloodstream infections.