Pediatr Crit Care Me
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Pediatr Crit Care Me · Jan 2011
Multicenter StudyAcute kidney injury and renal replacement therapy independently predict mortality in neonatal and pediatric noncardiac patients on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.
To determine the independent impact of acute kidney injury (AKI) and renal replacement therapy (RRT) in infants and children who receive extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Despite continued expertise/technological advancement, patients who receive extracorporeal membrane oxygenation have high mortality. AKI and RRT portend poor outcomes independent of comorbidities and illness severity in several critically ill populations. ⋯ After adjusting for known predictors of mortality, AKI and RRT independently predict mortality in neonates and children, who receive extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Ascertainment of AKI risk factors, testing novel therapies, and optimizing the timing/delivery of RRT may positively impact survival.
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Pediatr Crit Care Me · Jan 2011
Simulation-based mock codes significantly correlate with improved pediatric patient cardiopulmonary arrest survival rates.
To evaluate the viability and effectiveness of a simulation-based pediatric mock code program on patient outcomes, as well as residents' confidence in performing resuscitations. A resident's leadership ability is integral to accurate and efficient clinical response in the successful management of cardiopulmonary arrest (CPA). Direct experience is a contributing factor to a resident's code team leadership ability; however, opportunities to gain experience are limited by relative infrequency of pediatric arrests and code occurrences when residents are on service. ⋯ This study suggests that a simulation-based mock code program may significantly benefit pediatric patient CPA outcomes-applied clinical outcomes-not simply learner perceived value, increased confidence, or simulation-based outcomes. The use of mock codes as an integral part of residency programs could provide residents with the resuscitation training they require to become proficient in their practice. Future programs that incorporate transport scenarios, ambulatory care, and other outpatient settings could further benefit pediatric patients in prehospital contexts.
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To provide a comprehensive review of dengue, with an emphasis on clinical syndromes, classification, diagnosis, and management, and to outline relevant aspects of epidemiology, immunopathogenesis, and prevention strategies. Dengue, a leading cause of childhood mortality in Asia and South America, is the most rapidly spreading and important arboviral disease in the world and has a geographic distribution of > 100 countries. ⋯ Dengue is no longer confined to the tropics and is a global disease. Treatment is supportive. Outcomes can be optimized by early recognition and cautious titrated fluid replacement, especially in resource-limited environments.
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Pediatr Crit Care Me · Jan 2011
Necrotizing enterocolitis in neonates undergoing the hybrid approach to complex congenital heart disease.
To investigate the prevalence of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in neonates undergoing the Stage I hybrid procedure for palliation of complex congenital heart disease (CHD). Neonates undergoing the Norwood surgery for hypoplastic left-heart syndrome have the highest risk for NEC of all CHD patients. The hybrid procedure is another palliative option for hypoplastic left-heart syndrome, but NEC in neonates undergoing this procedure has not been reported. ⋯ The prevalence of NEC in patients undergoing the hybrid procedure is comparable to that reported for neonates undergoing the Norwood procedure. Earlier gestational age is a significant risk factor for NEC in patients who undergo the hybrid Stage I procedure. Multidisciplinary approaches to better understand abdominal complications and to develop feeding regimens in neonates undergoing the hybrid approach to complex CHD are needed to improve outcomes and decrease morbidities.
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Pediatr Crit Care Me · Jan 2011
Noninvasive ventilation in a tertiary pediatric intensive care unit in a middle-income country.
To determine the factors that predict outcome of noninvasive ventilation (NIV) in critically ill children. ⋯ NIV was a feasible strategy of respiratory support to avoid intubation in > 75% of children in this study. A higher Pediatric Risk of Mortality II score, sepsis at initiation of NIV, an abnormal respiratory rate, and a higher requirement of Fio2 may be predictive factors of NIV failure.