Brain Stimul
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The modulatory effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) appear beneficial for different chronic pain syndromes; however, it is unclear whether this method can be used to treat refractory chronic pelvic pain. ⋯ Active tDCS treatment induces a modest pain reduction in refractory chronic pelvic pain patients as compared with sham tDCS treatment. These results can guide the design and implementation of further studies investigating this method of neuromodulation for the treatment of refractory chronic pelvic pain.