Can J Neurol Sci
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Case Reports
Long term treatment of intractable reflex sympathetic dystrophy with intrathecal morphine.
Some patients with reflex sympathetic dystrophy (RD) develop intractable symptoms unresponsive to conventional therapy. Recently, intrathecal morphine therapy has been used with some success in such patients. ⋯ Long term intrathecal morphine therapy is a useful treatment option for patients with intractable severe RSD who have failed other therapies and remain markedly disabled.
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To review the clinical characteristics and associated features found in patients with psychogenic dystonia. ⋯ Dystonia is uncommonly due to primary psychological factors. At times this is an extremely difficult diagnosis to make and even when the diagnosis is confirmed, management remains very challenging. Future studies are required in hopes of providing more efficient means of distinguishing psychogenic dystonia from other dystonic syndromes especially those which rarely follow peripheral injury or accompany RSD/causalgia syndromes.