Neurologist
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Since the beginning of the conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan, there has been a dramatic increase in the number of military service members with single and multiple-limb amputations. Phantom limb pain (PLP) frequently develops in these individuals. As a result, identifying the best methods to treat PLP is critical. The review highlights areas of inquiry related to phantom pain, with a focus on PLP. ⋯ Although more research has been done in previous years, this review identifies the need for continuing investigations. The etiology of PLP needs to be determined through more vigorous investigation, and a focus must be placed on defining treatment options in addition to mirror therapy that will improve the quality of life of those who suffer from this condition.
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Sjögren syndrome is among the most common autoimmune diseases affecting adults in the United States, and is frequently regarded as an immune-mediated exocrinopathy exclusively causing dry eyes and dry mouth. However, as a systemic rheumatic disease, there can be various "extraglandular" complications. The eclectic permutation of peripheral nervous system (PNS) syndromes which occur in Sjögren patients are among the most common and severe extraglandular complications. ⋯ The application of the traditional armamentarium used for neuropathic pain can be especially challenging. Sjögren patients can suffer from debilitating fatigue, sicca symptoms, and autonomic findings; as such manifestations can be complications of various neuropathic agents, neurologists should understand how to minimize such iatrogenic complications. Therefore, this article will empower neurologists to more effectively collaborate with rheumatologists, in the diagnosis and treatment of Sjögren patients with PNS complications.