Noropsikiyatri Ars
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Our aim was to examine the frequency of various electrographic patterns including periodic discharges (PD), repetitive spike waves (RSW), rhythmic delta activities (RDA), nonconvulsive seizures (NCS) and nonconvulsive status epilepticus (NCSE) in continuous EEG monitoring (cEEG) of the critically ill patients with change of consciousness and the presence of specific clinical and laboratory findings associated with these important patterns in this study. ⋯ Detection of any electrographic pattern in EEG before monitoring was associated with the presence of any important pattern in cEEG monitoring. This association suggest that at least 24 hours-monitoring of these patients could be useful for the diagnosis of clinical and/or electrographic seizures.
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The aims of the present study were to investigate the relationship between levels of plasma copper (Cu) and ceruloplasmin (Cp) and amplitudes and latencies of P1, N2, and P3 in the parietal and frontal areas of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) as well as to compare these Cu levels and event-related potentials (ERPs) indices in controls. ⋯ Plasma Cu and Cp levels may have an effect on ERPs in ADHD, thus indicating the existence of effects on information processing. Cu levels may have a negative effect on the neuronal encoding of sound, whereas Cp levels may have a positive effect on the processes of cognitive control, conflict monitoring, and stimulus discrimination in children with ADHD.
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Case Reports
Orbital Myositis: Evaluating Five New Cases Regarding Clinical and Radiological Features.
Orbital myositis (OM) is an inflammatory disorder of the extraocular muscles. The signs and symptoms of OM are periorbital pain, eyelid swelling and redness, restricted ocular motility, and strabismus. There are at least two major forms, described by Benedikt GH Schoser, a limited oligosymptomatic ocular myositis (LOOM), which is associated with conjunctival injection only, and severe exophthalmic ocular myositis (SEOM), which presents with additional ptosis, chemosis, and proptosis. ⋯ Only one patient in the SEOM group experienced a relapse. Orbital magnetic resonance imaging of all the patients revealed enlargement and contrast enhancement of the involved muscles. Although clinical and radiological features are quite consistent, delayed diagnosis in some patients demonstrates the importance of the awareness of OM.
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Peripheral nerve blocks have been used in primary headache treatment since a long time. In this study, we aimed to examine the efficiency of greater occipital nerve (GON) block in migraine prophylaxis. ⋯ This study showed significant decreases in headache parameters in both groups. As GON blocks were performed in patients unresponsive to medical prophylaxis, a decrease in the headache parameters in Group PGON similar to that in Group GON can be attributed to GON blocks. Consequently, these results show that repeated GON blocks with local anesthetic can be an effective alternative treatment in migraine patients who are unresponsive to medical prophylaxis or who do not prefer to use medical prophylaxis.
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Case Reports
Remission of Episodic Sweating Attacks and Comorbid Depression in Shapiro Syndrome: Case Report.
Shapiro syndrome, a rare disorder originally described by Shapiro and Plum in 1967, is characterized by episodic hypothermia and hyperhydrosis associated with agenesis of the corpus callosum. Proposed hypotheses to explain the clinical features of this syndrome include changes in the set point of the hypothalamic thermostat, increased norepinephrine (NE) release, and decreased plasma NE clearance. ⋯ Here, we described a case with Shapiro syndrome who presented to our psychiatry clinic with recurrent episodic profuse sweating and depression. Sweating attacks and depression remitted after successful treatment with amitriptyline.