Laboratory investigation; a journal of technical methods and pathology
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It has been reported that adipose mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) accelerate wound healing. Moreover, exosomes, which serve as paracrine factors, play a vital role in wound healing. However, the mechanism remains unclear. ⋯ ADSC-Exos upregulated SOX9 to activate the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, resulting in accelerated HSF cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and ADSC-Exos promoted skin wound healing via H19 in mice. The high expression of H19 in ADSC-Exos may upregulate SOX9 expression via miR-19b to accelerate wound healing of skin tissues. Our study may provide novel perspectives for therapy to accelerate skin wound healing.
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Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Traditional RNA sequencing data fails to detect the exact cellular and molecular changes in tumor cells as they make up only a small proportion of tumor tissue. 10× genomics single-cell RNA sequencing (10× scRNA-seq) and gene expression data of LUAD patients was obtained from the Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, ArrayExpress, TCGA, and GEO databases. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in LUAD and alveolar cells (DEGs-scRNA-cancer_cell), tumor- and normal tissue-derived cells (DEGs-scRNA-sample), and normal and LUAD patients (DEGs-Bulk). ⋯ Functional enrichment analyses showed these DEGs-scRNA-cancer_cells were mainly related to cell proliferation and immunoregulation. Our study detected and compared DEGs at different levels and revealed genes that may regulate tumor development. Our results provide a potential new protocol to determine the contribution of DEGs to cancer progression and to help identify potential therapeutic targets.
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A pathological evaluation is one of the most important methods for the diagnosis of malignant lymphoma. A standardized diagnosis is occasionally difficult to achieve even by experienced hematopathologists. Therefore, established procedures including a computer-aided diagnosis are desired. ⋯ Comparing the diagnostic accuracies between the proposed classifier and seven pathologists, including experienced hematopathologists, using the test set made up of image patches with magnifications of ×5, ×20, and ×40, the best accuracy demonstrated by the classifier was 97.0%, whereas the average accuracy achieved by the pathologists using WSIs was 76.0%, with the highest accuracy reaching 83.3%. In conclusion, the neural classifier can outperform pathologists in a morphological evaluation. These results suggest that the AI system can potentially support the diagnosis of malignant lymphoma.
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Sparc/osteonectin, cwcv, and kazal-like domain proteoglycan 1 (SPOCK1) is a matricellular protein which regulates cell proliferation, invasion, and survival but the function of SPOCK1 in liver fibrosis is obscure. In this study, we found that SPOCK1 expression increased significantly in fibrotic liver tissues and activated primary rat hepatic stellate cells (R-HSCs). SPOCK1 co-localized with α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) in the cytoplasm. ⋯ Co-immunoprecipitation, double immunofluorescence staining indicated that SPOCK1 interacted with integrin α5β1, and neutralization of integrin α5β1 significantly reduced the role of recombinant SPOCK1 in HSCs. In vivo HSC-specific SPOCK1 knockdown following lentivirus administration dramatically ameliorated thioacetamide (TAA)-induced collagen deposition in rat livers. Collectively, our study indicates that SPOCK1 is crucial for hepatic fibrosis and it might be a promising therapeutic target.
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Associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy (ALPPS) allows extended hepatectomy in patients with an extremely small future liver remnant (FLR). Current rodent models of ALPPS do not include resection resulting in insufficient-for-survival FLR, or they do incorporate liver mass reduction prior to ALPPS. Differences in FLR volume and surgical procedures could bias our understanding of physiological and hemodynamic mechanisms. ⋯ PVL or PVLT prior to PHx reduced mortality to 33.3% (p = 0,007) or 25% (p = 0.0002) respectively, with no difference between the 2 two-stage procedures (p = 0.6). 7-day FLR hypertrophy was higher after the PVLT-PHx compared to PVL-PHx and PHx (p = 0.024). Our model reproduces human ALPPS with FLR that is insufficient for survival without liver resection prior to the stage-1 procedure. It offers an appropriate model for analyzing the mechanisms driving survival rescue and increased hypertrophy.