World J Gastroentero
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Dyssynergic defecation is one of the most common forms of functional constipation both in children and adults; it is defined by incomplete evacuation of fecal material from the rectum due to paradoxical contraction or failure to relax pelvic floor muscles when straining to defecate. This is believed to be a behavioral disorder because there are no associated morphological or neurological abnormalities, and consequently biofeedback training has been recommended for treatment. Biofeedback involves the use of pressure measurements or averaged electromyographic activity within the anal canal to teach patients how to relax pelvic floor muscles when straining to defecate. ⋯ Moreover, its effectiveness is specific to patients who have dyssynergic defecation and not slow transit constipation. However, in children, no clear superiority for biofeedback compared to laxatives has been demonstrated. Based on three randomized controlled studies in the last two years, biofeedback appears to be the preferred treatment for dyssynergic defecation in adults.
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World J Gastroentero · Nov 2006
Medical malpractice litigation related to gastrointestinal endoscopy in Japan: a two-decade review of civil court cases.
To examine the allegations in malpractice litigations related to gastrointestinal endoscopy in Japan. ⋯ These data may aid in the design of risk prevention strategies to be used by gastrointestinal endoscopists.
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World J Gastroentero · Nov 2006
Can albumin administration relieve lung injury in trauma/hemorrhagic shock?
To study the effect of albumin administration on lung injury in trauma/hemorrhagic shock (T/HS). ⋯ The infusion of albumin during resuscitation period can protect lung from injury and decrease the expressions of CD11b/CD18, ICAM-1 in T/HS rats.
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World J Gastroentero · Nov 2006
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyEfficacy of thymosin alpha-1 and interferon alpha in treatment of chronic viral hepatitis B: a randomized controlled study.
To observe the efficiency and safety of thymosin-alpha1 treatment in patients with hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) and HBV DNA positive chronic hepatitis. ⋯ The results suggest that a 6-mo course of T-alpha1 therapy is effective and safe in patients with chronic hepatitis B. T-alpha1 is able to reduce HBV replication in patients with chronic hepatitis B. Furthermore, T-alpha1 is better tolerated than IFN-alpha and can gradually induce more sustained ALT normalization and HBV DNA and HBeAg loss. However, a response rate of 48.3% is still less ideal. A more effective therapeutic approach warrants further study.