Acta Physiol Hung
-
Periodontal inflammation is associated with morphological changes in the blood vessels which may influence the regulation of gingival blood flow (GBF). Our aim was to adapt the heat provocation test to the human gingiva to assess vascular reactivity in periodontal inflammation. ⋯ The heat test could be a valuable tool to check the vascular reactivity of gingival vessels. Moderate periodontal inflammation may facilitate gingival vascular responsiveness which can be suppressed by smoking.
-
Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Noninvasive continuous arterial pressure measurements in the assessment of acute, severe central hypovolemia.
Acute, severe hypovolemia is a medical emergency. Traditional vital sign parameters allow no optimal triage. High predictive power of finger plethysmography-based stroke volume (SV) and pulse pressure (PP) was recently suggested. To assess the performance of the PP and SV parameters, lower body negative pressure of -40 mmHg, than -60 mmHg - corresponding to moderate and severe central hypovolemia - was applied in 22 healthy males (age 35 ± 7 years). Slow breathing induced fluctuations in the above indices, characterized by stroke volume variability (SVV), and pulse pressure variability (PPV), were assessed. Responses in heart rate (HR) and shock index (SI) were also studied. Discriminative capacity of these parameters was characterized by the area under the ROC (receiver operating characteristic) curves (AUC). ⋯ Plethysmography-based SV and PP parameters can be used to detect acute severe volume loss. Sensitive parameters discriminating moderate and severe central hypovolemia are still lacking.
-
Comparative Study
Effects of local anesthetics on contractions of pregnant and non-pregnant rat myometrium in vitro.
In order to determine whether local anesthetics directly affect the propagation and strength of myometrial contractions, we compared the effects of bupivacaine, ropivacaine, lidocaine and tetracaine on the contractions of myometrium isolated from pregnant and non-pregnant rats. Full-thickness myometrial strips were obtained from 18- to 21-day pregnant and non-pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats and incubated in an organ bath. When spontaneous contractions became regular, strips were exposed to cumulative concentrations of the four local anesthetics ranging from 0.01 to 300 μmol/L and the amplitude and frequency of contraction were recorded. ⋯ In pregnant myometrium, the concentration that caused 50% inhibition (IC(50)) was 100 μmol/L for bupivacaine, 157 μmol/L for ropivacaine, > 1000 μmol/L for lidocaine, and 26.3 μmol/L for tetracaine. In non-pregnant myometrium, the IC(50) was 26.9 μmol/L for bupivacaine, 40 μmol/L for ropivacaine, 384 μmol/L for lidocaine, and 7.4 μmol/L for tetracaine. These results suggested that local anesthetics do inhibit myometrial contractions in pregnant and non-pregnant rats in a concentration-dependent manner.
-
Sepsis-associated encephalopathy is a multifactorially determined process of the brain parenchyma. Among other factors, vasogenic causes have been shown to play a role in its development. The aim of the present work was to assess whether cerebral tissue oxygen saturation is influenced by administration of acetazolamide in septic patients compared to controls. ⋯ Cerebral vasoreactivity to acetazolamide is preserved in patients with severe sepsis.
-
Previously a report has suggested that administration of lung protective strategy for one-lung ventilation(OLV) results in oxygen desaturation of the brain parenchyma. The aim of our work was to confirm that the maintenance of normocapnia during protective OLV strategy results in alteration of cerebral blood fl ow and cerebral oxygen saturation as compared to double-lung ventilation. ⋯ OLV does not result in clinically relevant decreases in cerebral blood fl ow and cerebral oxygen saturation during application of lung protective ventilation if normocapnia is maintained.