International journal of nursing studies
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Japan, one of the most developed and industrialized countries in the world, may appear totally Westernized, but Japan has a culture of traditional customs and beliefs. This paper sheds light on the confusion of value orientations among Japanese nurses whose professional socialization is heavily influenced by Western culture and whose personal life depends on traditional culture. Examples of Japanese culture-bound values clarify the differences between Western and Japanese cultures. The importance of engaging in value clarification and analyzing the ethical principles behind decision-making is noted.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Effects of preoperative teaching on postoperative pain: a replication and expansion.
This study was designed to test the effectiveness of brief relaxation training on postoperative pain, replicating and extending a study of Flaherty and Fitzpatrick (1978). A two-group pre- and post-test experimental design was used to determine if vital signs, analgesic consumption, anxiety, self-reported incisional pain sensation and distress differ in postsurgical patients who have or have not received relaxation training. Seventy-two adult, elective abdominal surgery patients were randomly assigned to treatment groups. ⋯ Vital signs, analgesic consumption and self-reported pain sensation were not altered by relaxation training. These findings only partially agree with those of Flaherty and Fitzpatrick. Additional analyses by type of surgery (cholecystectomy and hysterectomy) showed hysterectomy subjects reported less pain sensation and distress and used less analgesics than cholecystectomy subjects.