International journal of nursing studies
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Social capital, defined as an investment in relationships that facilitates the exchange of resources, has been identified as a possible protective factor for child health in the context of risk factors such as poverty. Reliable and valid measures of social capital are needed for research and practice, particularly in non-English-speaking populations in developing countries. ⋯ The 14-item Arabic SCS was found to be reliable and valid in this sample, with four internally consistent factors. While the tool may not be appropriate for comparing social capital between cultural groups, it will enable clinicians and researchers to address an important gap in knowledge characterized by a paucity of research on childhood chronic illness in low- and middle-income countries such as Egypt.
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Comparative Study
Predicting nurse burnout from demands and resources in three acute care hospitals under different forms of ownership: a cross-sectional questionnaire survey.
Health care organizations have changed dramatically over the last decades, with hospitals undergoing restructurings and privatizations. ⋯ Profit orientation in health care seems to result in higher burnout levels for registered nurses compared to a publicly administered hospital. In general, demands were more predictive of burnout than resources, and there were only marginal differences in the pattern of predictors across hospitals.
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Multicenter Study
The views and preferences of resuscitated and non-resuscitated patients towards family witnessed resuscitation: a qualitative study.
A number of international studies have explored the views of family members and healthcare professionals on the concept of family witnessed resuscitation (FWR). In contrast the perspective and preferences of patients have been under-researched, particularly in relation to those who have survived resuscitation. ⋯ The study provides a unique understanding of patient preferences of FWR and some of their views begin to contest arguments in the literature. Patients' perspectives suggest both relatives and they themselves benefit in different ways. Although participants recognised that family members had emotional, informational and proximity needs, these had to be balanced with allowing the resuscitation team to manage the clinical emergency and make decisions. It is also evident that not all patients wish their families to be present. Healthcare professionals should therefore strive to identify the wishes of patients and relatives in respect to FWR and facilitate the presence of loved ones as appropriate. Further research into the area is still required.
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The nursing literature is replete with articles on the function of clothing in preventing and controlling infections. However, although contemporary literature demonstrates intimate connections between clothing and identity, there is a lack of studies which illuminate the meanings associated with wearing patient clothing. ⋯ The tension between patient clothing as being practical and comfortable and at the same time enabling feelings of being depersonalised and stigmatised suggests that nursing staff need to balance the practical benefits of these garments with the social and existential meanings they might have.
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Comparative Study
Public stigma in health and non-healthcare students: attributions, emotions and willingness to help with adolescent self-harm.
For people who self-harm, there is growing evidence to suggest that services and treatment outcomes can be adversely affected by healthcare staffs' stigmatising attitudes and behaviours. To date, the empirical literature has tended to focus on the attitudes of experienced healthcare professionals working with adults who self-harm. Additionally, there has been few theory or model-driven studies to help identify what healthcare students think and feel about young people who self-harm. ⋯ This study provides evidence that a number of factors may adversely affect the care and treatment received by young people who self-harm, namely: students' causal attributions, the gender and profession of healthcare students, and familiarity with self-harm behaviour. To improve the effectiveness of service provision and treatment outcomes for people who self-harm, it is important that health care service providers and teaching institutions consider the implications of these factors when developing staff and services, and base interventions on theoretical models of stigma and discrimination.