The Medical journal of Australia
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To assess the distribution of health care expenditure (public and private) for primary care and primary health care as proportions of overall health care funding. ⋯ The application of the Primary Care Spend model to Australian data provides a more nuanced analysis of expenditure for primary health care than routine health expenditure reports. Its output could be used to inform targets for spending on different tiers, types, and locations of primary care, especially comprehensive and other high value primary care services, and to monitor progress toward these targets.
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Warfarin (vitamin K antagonist) remains an established anticoagulant for patients at high risk of arterial and venous thromboembolism. The prompt reversal of the anticoagulant effect of warfarin is necessary in the context of major bleeding or emergency surgery because of its extended inhibition of vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors for days. The mainstay of urgent warfarin reversal has been vitamin K administration, and infusion of a three-factor prothrombin complex concentrate (3FPCC) and the option for the addition of fresh frozen plasma as a source of factor VII. With the upcoming introduction in Australia and New Zealand of a four-factor prothrombin complex concentrate (4FPCC), which replaces all the vitamin K-dependent clotting factors, this article updates the previously published warfarin reversal guidelines. ⋯ The use of 4FPCC for urgent warfarin reversal obviates the need for co-administration of fresh frozen plasma.
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To assess Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people's knowledge about coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines, and their attitudes to and behaviours regarding COVID-19 and influenza vaccinations. ⋯ The high levels of trust in COVID-19 vaccines and their effectiveness indicate that Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people are confident about their safety and efficacy and understand the importance of vaccination. The findings also highlight a positive attitude to vaccination and a commitment to preventive health measures among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people.