Minerva pediatrica
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Early recognition of shock is the key to successful resuscitation in critically ill children. Often, shock results in or co-exists with myo-cardial dysfunction or acute lung injury. Recognition and appropriate management of these insults is crucial for successful outcomes. ⋯ Management of co-morbidities such as asthma and seizures should be implemented simultaneously. Inotropes, respiratory support, antibiotics and steroids may also be needed during the management of shock. While the management of shock can be protocol based, the treatment needs to be individualized depending on the suspected etiology and therapeutic response.
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The aim of this paper was to to provide the primary care practitioner with a review of genitourinary conditions in children requiring emergent urological referral. These conditions include the acute scrotum/testicular torsion, scrotal masses, penile abnormalities, urinary retention and bladder outlet obstruction, abdominal masses, acute urinary stones, urinary trauma, genital abnormalities, complex anomalies and acute abdomen in patients with previous continent reconstruction. The authors discussed the presenting signs and symptoms, proper initial diagnostic work-up and the usual therapeutic course of management after evaluation by the pediatric urologist.