Arch Iran Med
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Coronary artery disease is among the first causes of death in Iran. Secondary prevention with drug therapy is recommended following acute myocardial infarction (MI) to reduce the risk of new cardiovascular events and death. ⋯ Prescription of the best combination of drugs, in addition to adherence to a healthy lifestyle and medication, can improve the survival rates after MI.
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In this study, we assessed the prevalence of positive rapid detection test (RDT) among healthcare workers (HCWs) and evaluated the role of personal protective equipment (PPE) and knowledge of the pandemic. ⋯ The findings of this study suggest that HCWs should have a thorough knowledge of the pandemic along with using PPE properly and rationally. Furthermore, adhering to preventive regulations plays a crucial role in HCWs' safety. It is also noteworthy that shifts should be arranged logically to manage exposures, with a special attention being paid to OHCWs.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effect of Prophylactic Caffeine on Noninvasive Respiratory Support in Preterm Neonates Weighing 1250-2000 g: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
Caffeine is commonly used to prevent or treat apnea in preterm neonates. The present trial was designed to determine the effect of caffeine on reducing the time required for nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP) in neonates with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). ⋯ The results suggest that preventative caffeine can reduce the duration of NCPAP support in neonates with RDS.
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Severe cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) often experience hyper-inflammatory reactions, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), blood clotting, and organ damage. The most prominent immunopathology of advanced COVID-19 is cytokine release syndrome, or "cytokine storm" which is attributed to a defect of immune-regulating mechanisms. This study aimed to evaluate the role of regulatory T cells (Tregs) as one of the main cells that maintain immune homeostasis. ⋯ Regulatory T cells can be one of the determinants of disease severity and prognosis in patients with COVID-19 by inhibiting rampant inflammation and preventing cytokine storms.
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In the last two decades, the simple low-cost abdominal ultrasound (US) examination for the diagnosis of advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis was displaced by very expensive and not readily available modern imaging systems like magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT) scan and transient elastography. The aim of this study is to evaluate and emphasize the potential of US for diagnosis of advanced liver fibrosis and cirrhosis. ⋯ The simple US examination, alone or combined with lab data, is able to diagnose advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis with excellent accuracy, making the use of other modern imaging modalities unnecessary.