Arch Iran Med
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Numerous studies on the association between the human development index (HDI) and road traffic death rate (RTDR) merely focus on developed countries, not reflecting the relationship between the HDI components and RTDR in a time-trend analysis. Accordingly, this study analyzes the trends of RTDR and their association with the HDI and its components from 2000 to 2019. ⋯ Overall, this study emphasizes the significance of HDI and its components, particularly education and LE, in lowering the number of traffic fatalities. In this sense, improving formal education and LE could be one of the main policies that policymakers could consider to reduce RTDR.
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Methanol-poisoning can be a challenging cause of mortality. Identifying the epidemiological, clinical, and para-clinical determinants of outcome in methanol-poisoning patients could be a step forward to its management. ⋯ Besides LOC, patients with any abnormality in their brain CT scan on admission were found to be at higher risk of death, and patients with supratentorial edema were at risk of longer LOS. Brain CT-scan on admission should be considered as a part of the routine procedure during the management of methanol-poisoning.
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Cancer immunotherapy has emerged as a transformative approach for treating various malignancies, including melanoma, lung cancer, breast cancer, and leukemia. Animal models have been instrumental in elucidating the mechanisms and potential of these therapies. However, graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is an inherent challenge in these studies, primarily because the introduction of foreign immune cells or tissues often triggers immune responses. ⋯ By systematically identifying and mitigating the confounding effects of GVHD, we can significantly improve the predictive validity of preclinical trials, obtain broadly applicable findings, improve the efficiency of drugs, enhance safety profiling, and develop better therapeutic strategies. This approach is crucial in ensuring that the immunotherapeutic strategies developed in the laboratory are reflective of the human physiological response, thereby bridging a critical translational gap in oncological research.
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Review Case Reports
Synchronous Double Primary Angiosarcoma Originating from the Stomach and Rectum: A Case Report and a Literature Review.
Angiosarcomas originating from the gastrointestinal tract are rare but highly aggressive tumors with poor prognosis. These tumors can be misdiagnosed as benign and malignant gastrointestinal tract lesions. ⋯ No matter the treatment option, metastasis and death rates are substantially highin patients with angiosarcoma. In this context, a 59-year-old male with synchronous double primary angiosarcoma arising from the gastric and rectum who presented with the complaint of abdominal pain and distention to the outpatient clinic is presented in this case report, along with a brief literature review.
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Comparative Study
Managing Hepatotoxicity Caused by Anti-tuberculosis Drugs: A Comparative Study of Approaches.
Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the oldest and most well-known diseases that has been associated with humans for many years and remains a global health challenge today. Timely diagnosis and proper treatment are crucial for controlling and preventing the spread of the disease. While anti-TB drugs offer many benefits, inadequate monitoring can lead to a range of side effects, including hepatotoxicity, which is a major concern and can cause treatment discontinuation. The aim of this study was to determine the approach to the hepatotoxicity of anti-TB drugs and to investigate potential relationships between demographic factors, underlying medical conditions, and successful retreatment outcomes for hepatotoxicity induced by anti-TB drugs. ⋯ Drug-induced hepatotoxicity is a common occurrence that often results in treatment discontinuation. Understanding the prevalence of this complication and identifying appropriate methods of rechallenge treatment is crucial to reducing complications and mortality rates.