Arch Iran Med
-
Pigmented Bowen's disease is an uncommon in situ squamous cell carcinoma of the skin, which has been rarely reported on the finger. Herein, we report an unusual case of pigmented Bowen's disease of the pulp of the fourth finger in a 20-year-old white woman, which was clinically presented as a superficial, spreading malignant melanoma. Physical examination revealed a solitary hyperpigmented patch, measuring 1 cm in its greatest diameter. ⋯ Histological examination was compatible with the diagnosis of pigmented Bowen's disease. Surgical treatment was then considered and the patient underwent complete excision of the lesion. In spite of its rarity, Bowen's disease should be considered in the differential diagnosis of pigmented lesions, particularly malignant melanoma.
-
We present a case of renal stone associated with bilateral pelvic diverticula. The initial diagnosis by ultrasonography and plain abdomen radiography (KUB) was urolithiasis with a 15-mm calculus in the right renal pelvis. ⋯ So, further evaluations were performed by using repeated ultrasonography, intravenous urography, and computerized tomography, which revealed the presence of diverticula in both right and left renal pelvises with stone fragments within the right sided diverticulum. We concluded that intravenous urography and contrast-enhanced computerized tomography are essential for confirmation of diagnosis when ultrasonographic findings suggest the presence of renal cystic lesions, or when stone fragments are not yielded after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy.
-
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder is a common neurobehavioral disorder of childhood and adolescence. The etiology of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder is not well understood. Neurochemical studies suggest, alterations in catecholaminergic, mainly dopaminergic and noradrenergic, transmitter functions markedly contribute to the symptoms of this disorder. ⋯ About 30% of children and adolescents with this disorder may not respond to stimulants or may be unable to tolerate potential adverse events such as decreased appetite, mood lability and sleep disturbances. Although stimulants do not increase the risk for later substance abuse in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, concerns have been raised about special prescription rules and a potential for abuse by persons other than the attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder subjects. This review focuses on etiology, assessment, and treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
-
Seizures are common in children and 5% of all medical attendances to accident and emergency departments are related to seizures. The role of emergent neuroimaging for those children with first afebrile seizure is, however, not well-defined. We reviewed medical charts of 125 children who were admitted with a new-onset afebrile seizure to the Pediatric Ward of Rasool Akram Hospital and underwent CT scan or MRI of the brain. ⋯ In 90% (107/119) of them, the result was normal. There was a significant relationship between abnormal neuroimaging and focal seizure (P < 0.001), and with age under 2 years (P < 0.002). Therefore, it is recommended that CT scan or MRI to be performed in children with first afebrile seizure who present with focal seizures, abnormal neurologic findings, or age under 2 years.