Arch Med Sci
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Thymomas and thymic carcinoma (TC) are the most common neoplasms localised in the thymus. These diseases are poorly understood, but progress made in next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology has provided novel data on their molecular pathology. ⋯ The most frequently mutated genes in thymoma samples analysed in this study belong to the EGFR, ATM, and TP53 signalling pathways, regulating cell cycle check points, gene expression, and apoptosis. The results of our study complement the knowledge of thymoma molecular pathogenesis.
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In the occurrence and development of heat stroke (HS), factors such as hyperthermia, ischemia and hypoxia are essential to the central nervous system (CNS) inflammatory response, but the main mechanism underlying CNS inflammation remains unclear. The aim of the study was to observe the polarization of microglia in response to heat-induced early nerve injury and to explore its possible mechanism of action. ⋯ After heat-induced disease, microglia were found to be active in the brain tissues of dogs. The microglia activated in the early 1-6 h of CNS injury were mainly the M1 type, which were then converted to the M2 type after 6 h. The 24 h M2 type was dominant. The relationship between M1/M2 polarization trends and early brain injury in heat-induced disease may be a key to understanding CNS injury in heat-induced disease.
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We aimed to evaluate the serum level of miRNA-27 expression in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH). ⋯ We observed higher miRNA-27a/b expression in patients with FH than in healthy individuals. In comparison with HoFH and HeFH groups, the former had a higher expression level of miRNA-27a/b, which indicates the potential of miRNA-27a/b as a candidate marker for the severity of disease in individuals with FH.
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Ox-LDL (oxidized low-density lipoprotein)-induced endothelial cell injury and dysfunction of vascular smooth muscle cells play critical roles in the development of atherosclerosis (AS). Tropomyosin 2 (TPM2) has been implicated in cardiac diseases, but its critical role and regulatory mechanism in AS progression have not yet been elucidated. ⋯ TPM2 had an advantageous impact on ox-LDL-induced AS progression in vitro by mediating the RhoA pathway. This evidence might contribute to the therapy of AS.
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Influenza may be correlated with a high number of complications and generate high costs of treatment. The study aimed to estimate the socioeconomic significance of hospitalized influenza cases. ⋯ Influenza complications generate higher systemic and patient's costs, both direct and indirect. The group of children for whom the difference is especially marked is under 2 years of age.