Arch Med Sci
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The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of metformin and sitagliptin on glycolipid metabolism in type 2 diabetes after different diets. ⋯ In the type 2 diabetic model, metformin and sitagliptin have different effects on glycolipid metabolism after different diets. If it is proved in type 2 diabetic patients, then different medicines may be recommended according to different diets in order to improve glycolipid metabolism.
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Revolutionary progress has recently changed the landscape of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Powerful prognostic factors, especially p53 mutation and/or deletion and IGHV mutation status, have refined individual patient prognosis. Purine analogs and monoclonal antibodies paved the way from palliative treatment to chemoimmunotherapy capable of eradication of minimal residual disease and prolongation of survival. ⋯ Allogeneic stem cell transplantation is the only curative option but is feasible in a highly selected group of patients only. The novel small molecule inhibitors ibrutinib and idelalisib have been recently approved for relapsed/refractory CLL. This review provides practical advice for diagnosis, prognostication and treatment of CLL.
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Severe sepsis and septic shock are advanced clinical conditions representing the patient's response to infection and having a variable but high mortality rate. Early evaluation of sepsis stage and choice of adequate treatment are key factors for survival. Some study results suggest the necessity of daily procalcitonin (PCT) monitoring because of its prognostic and discriminative value. ⋯ According to the results, single serum PCT measurement, regardless of absolute value, has a discriminative impact but no prognostic significance, during the first 2 days of therapy. The PCT kinetics is of prognostic value from the 3(rd) day and is of earlier prognostic significance in comparison to changes in the patient's clinical condition evaluated by SOFA score kinetics.
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Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), which is an essential marker of inflammation, has been shown to be associated with adverse outcomes in various cardiovascular diseases in the literature. In this study we sought to evaluate the association between NLR and prognosis of acute pulmonary embolism (APE). ⋯ In patients presenting with APE, NLR value is an independent predictor of in-hospital mortality and may be used for clinical risk classification.
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The coronary slow flow phenomenon (CSFP) has been associated with myocardial ischemia, myocardial infarction, life-threatening arrhythmias, sudden cardiac death and increased cardiovascular mortality similar to coronary artery disease (CAD). Possible underlying mechanisms of CSFP are endothelial dysfunction, chronic inflammation, microvascular dysfunction and diffuse atherosclerosis. Soluble lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (sLOX-1) seems to play an important role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. We hypothesized that sLOX-1 might be associated with CSFP, and aimed to research the relationship between sLOX-1 and CSFP. ⋯ The present study demonstrated that serum sLOX-1 levels were significantly higher in patients with CSFP and there was a strong association between high sLOX-1 levels and CSFP. High serum sLOX-1 levels may have an important role in the pathogenesis of CSFP. Future studies are needed to confirm these results.