Arch Med Sci
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The present study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of arterial ischaemic stroke (AIS) in Polish children, as well as to analyse the parameters related to AIS hospitalisation, including age, gender, region, month and season of the year at admission, duration, and costs, based on data from National Health Fund (NHF) registry in 2011-2020. ⋯ Data from the NHF registry proved that AIS occurs more often in boys than in girls and is more common in adolescents (15-18 years) than in younger children.
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Breast cancer is the major leading cause of death from cancer among women. Given the drug resistance seen during the treatment of this disease, it is very important to identify new therapies and new anticancer drugs. Some studies indicate the cytotoxic effects of cyanidin 3-glycoside (C3G). Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the anticancer effect of C3G in the treatment of the MCF-7 cell line. ⋯ The results of this study demonstrated that C3G has apoptotic and cytotoxic effects on breast cancer cells. Therefore, it is likely that this substance could be a suitable option for cancer therapy.
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MicroRNAs (miRNA) are small (approximately 17 to 25 nucleotides in length), single stranded, non-coding RNAs that play an important role in the control of gene expression at the post-transcriptional stage, by inhibiting protein translation or promoting mRNA degradation. The main aim of the study was to evaluate the clinical utility of the tested markers (miRNAs 19a-3p and 99a-5p), which might be important in the diagnostics of non-invasive bladder cancer (BC). ⋯ Our data indicated that miR-19a-3p and miR-99a-5p were significantly altered in bladder cancer samples and useful as diagnostic markers.
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Derangements in monoaminergic transmission in the substantia nigra with disturbed signaling in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis are the major characteristics of Parkinson's disease (PD). It has been reported that the administration of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is in practice to treat PD because of its redundant nature in regulating various neuronal signals. Hence, the current investigation was performed to evaluate the hypothesis that H2S might exert protective action via the inhibition of epigenetic histone acetylation. ⋯ Diversely, H2S exposure reversed these alterations with reduced HDAC activity. Further, PD rats treated with HDAC inhibitor showed a dramatic upsurge in the level of tyrosine hydroxylase, with a decreased level of glial fibrillary acidic protein, α-synuclein, tumor necrosis factor α, and other cytokines. Thus the results of the study suggest that H2S exerts protection via inhibition of HDAC.
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MicroRNAs are small non-coding post-translational biomolecules which, when expressed, modify their target genes. It is estimated that microRNAs regulate production of approximately 60% of all human proteins and enzymes that are responsible for major physiological processes. In cardiovascular disease pathophysiology, there are several cells that produce microRNAs, including endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells, macrophages, platelets, and cardiomyocytes. ⋯ There is a growing body of evidence which demonstrates that following ACS, microRNAs might inhibit fibroblast proliferation and scarring, as well as harmful apoptosis of cardiomyocytes, and stimulate fibroblast reprogramming into induced cardiac progenitor cells. In this review, we focus on the role of cardiomyocyte-derived and cardiac fibroblast-derived microRNAs that are involved in the regulation of genes associated with cardiomyocyte and fibroblast function and in atherosclerosis-related cardiac ischemia. Understanding their mechanisms may lead to the development of microRNA cocktails that can potentially be used in regenerative cardiology.