B Acad Nat Med Paris
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B Acad Nat Med Paris · Jan 2013
Review[Heart rate variability: a cardiometabolic risk marker with public health implications].
Heart rate variability (HRV) is a noninvasive, practical and reproducible measure of autonomic nervous system function. Although the heart is reasonably stable, the time between two beats (R-R) can be very different. HRV is the time variation between two consecutive heartbeats. ⋯ HRV may also have predictive value for life expectancy and health. HRV changes due to lifestyle factors precede the onset of cardiovascular disorders. Measurement of HRV and its components is of major interest for medical practitioners and public health specialists, in order to predict and evaluate the risk of cardiometabolic events related to lifestyle factors.
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Rare cancers are defined by an annual incidence below 6/100 000 new cases. According to this definition, 20% of malignancies in the European Union are rare cancers. These cancers are associated with considerable excess mortality, as they account for close to 30% of all cancer deaths within the E. ⋯ With the increasing fragmentation of frequent tumors into subsets of rare tumors, as exemplified by lung cancer, many frequent tumors will need to be managed with approaches similar to those developed in recent years for rare cancers. In the age of routine molecular biology, the challenges of clinical research on rare tumors are thus becoming the challenges of all clinical research in oncology. This will required extensive multinational collaboration within the European Union and beyond.
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Borderline personality disorders are complex clinical states with highly polymorphic symptoms and signs, leading to delays in their diagnosis and treatment. All international classifications emphasize certain clinical criteria such as unstable identity and interpersonal relationships, feelings of emptiness or boredom, and pathological impulsiveness. The prevalence is about 2%, with a female-male sex ratio of 2 or 3 to 1. ⋯ The psychiatric bio-psycho-social model takes into account multiple pathogenic factors, such as trauma during early development, temperamental instability and other emotional disorders, as well as psychosocial, neurobiological (5HT etc.) and genetic vulnerabilities. Treatment requires optimal integration of psychotherapeutic and pharmacotherapeutic approaches. Emergency intervention must be available in case of delirious or suicidal behavior The clinical course is often lengthy and complex, but outcome may be favorable, provided the principal risk--suicide--is correctly managed,
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Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic disabling disease that induces substantial costs in terms of healthcare resources (direct costs) and lost productivity (indirect costs). The main cost drivers used to be disability and hospitalization. ⋯ These effective treatments have lowered RA-related use of healthcare resources, especially totaljoint replacement, as well as sick leave. In contrast, they have not yet been shown to reduce the number of patients who become disabled, and their cost-effectiveness ratio thus tends to be unfavorable.
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B Acad Nat Med Paris · Jun 2012
Historical Article[Study of Siberian population movements: use of multiple markers].
To further explore early Eurasian steppe migration, we determined the Y chromosome and mitochondrial haplotypes of 26 ancient human specimens from the Krasnoyarsk area, dated between the middle of the second millennium BC and the fourth century AD. Our autosomal Y chromosome and mitochondrial DNA analyses reveal that, whereas few specimens seem to be related matrilineally or patrilineally, nearly all the subjects belong to haplogroup R1a1--M17, which is thought to mark the eastward migration of early Indo-Europeans. Our results also confirm that, during the Bronze and Iron Ages, southern Siberia was a region of overwhelming European settlement.